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We obtain and analyze equations determining first-order differential symmetry operators with matrix coefficients for the Dirac equation with an external electromagnetic potential in a $(2+1)$-dimensional Riemann (curved) spacetime.…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2018-02-01 A. V. Shapovalov , A. I. Breev

The classical Heisenberg model has been solved in spatial d dimensins, exactly in d=1 and by the Migdal-Kadanoff approximation in d>1, by using a Fourier-Legendre expansion. The phase transition temperatures, the energy densities, and the…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2025-02-25 Egemen Tunca , A. Nihat Berker

We present the details for the covariant renormalization of the stress tensor for vacuum tensor perturbations at the level of the effective action, adopting Hadamard regularization techniques to isolate short distance divergences and gauge…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2024-03-26 Anna Negro , Subodh P. Patil

The system of two-dimensional damped harmonic oscillator is revisited in the extended phase space. It is an old problem already addressed by many authors that we present here in some fresh points of view and carry on smoothly a whole…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2018-11-09 Laure Gouba

The Dirac equation in $(2+1)$ dimensions on the toroidal surface is studied for a massless fermion particle under the action of external fields. Using the covariant approach based on general relativity, the Dirac operator stemming from a…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2022-06-29 Ö. Yeşiltaş , J. Furtado

We introduce an iterative method to univocally determine the adiabatic expansion of the modes of Dirac fields in spatially homogeneous external backgrounds. We overcome the ambiguities found in previous studies and use this new procedure to…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2018-09-20 J. Fernando Barbero G. , Antonio Ferreiro , Jose Navarro-Salas , Eduardo J. S. Villasenor

We give an introduction to the techniques from microlocal analysis that have successfully been applied in the investigation of Hadamard states of free quantum field theories on curved spacetimes. The calculation of the wave front set of the…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2017-09-27 Kai Kratzert

We address the problem of constructing fundamental solutions and Hadamard states for a Klein-Gordon field in half-Minkowski spacetime with Robin boundary conditions in $d \geq 2$ spacetime dimensions. First, using a generalisation of the…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2025-10-01 B. Costeri , C. Dappiaggi , B. A. Juárez-Aubry , R. D. Singh

We consider continuous Dirac operators defined on $\mathbf{R}^d$, $d\in\{1,2,3\}$, together with various discrete versions of them. Both forward-backward and symmetric finite differences are used as approximations to partial derivatives. We…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2023-07-19 Horia D. Cornean , Henrik Garde , Arne Jensen

Polar coordinates are used for the complex scalar free field in D=4 dimensions. The resulting non renormalizable theory is healed by using a recently proposed symmetric subtraction procedure. The existence of the coordinates transformation…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2014-11-20 Ruggero Ferrari

Hadamard states were originally introduced for quantised Klein-Gordon fields and occupy a central position in the theory of quantum fields on curved spacetimes. Subsequently they have been developed for other linear theories, such as the…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2025-11-24 Christopher J. Fewster

Odd-dimensional Riemannian spaces that are non-orientable, but have a pin structure, require the consideration of the twisted adjoint representation of the corresponding pin group. It is shown here how the Dirac operator should be modified,…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2011-04-15 Andrzej Trautman

Analyzing the point spectrum, i.e. bound state energy eigenvalue, of the Dirac delta function in two and three dimensions is notoriously difficult without recourse to regularization or renormalization, typically both. The reason for this in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-12-11 Michael Maroun

Recently, Kaplan proposed an interesting extension of QCD named Extended QCD or XQCD with bosonic auxiliary fields [1]. While its partition function is kept exactly the same as that of QCD, XQCD naturally contains properties of low-energy…

High Energy Physics - Lattice · Physics 2015-10-16 Hidenori Fukaya , Ryo Yamamura

A signature independent formalism is created and utilized to determine the general second-order symmetry operators for Dirac's equation on two-dimensional Lorentzian spin manifolds. The formalism is used to characterize the orthonormal…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2011-06-16 Alberto Carignano , Lorenzo Fatibene , Raymond G. McLenaghan , Giovanni Rastelli

In a recent paper (Phys. Rev. D 94, 125016 (2016)), the authors argued that the singularities of the two-point functions on the Poincar\'e domain of the $n$-dimensional anti-de Sitter spacetime ($\text{PAdS}_n$) have the Hadamard form,…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-06-05 J. P. M. Pitelli

Consider a formally self-adjoint first order linear differential operator acting on pairs (2-columns) of complex-valued scalar fields over a 4-manifold without boundary. We examine the geometric content of such an operator and show that it…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2015-05-05 Yan-Long Fang , Dmitri Vassiliev

We examine the (2+1)-dimensional Dirac equation in a homogeneous magnetic field under the non-relativistic anti-Snyder model which is relevant to deformed special relativity (DSR) since it exhibits an intrinsic upper bound of the momentum…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2017-01-09 Chee Leong Ching , Cheng Xun Yeo , Wei Khim Ng

The Schwinger-de Witt and Hadamard methods are used to obtain renormalised vacuum expectation values for the fermion condensate, charge current and stress-energy tensor of a quantum fermion field of arbitrary mass on four-dimensional…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2015-09-04 Victor E. Ambrus , Elizabeth Winstanley

Field redefinitions are commonly used to reduce the number of operators in the Lagrangian by removing redundant operators and transforming to a minimal operator basis. We give a general argument that such field redefinitions, while leaving…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2024-02-15 Aneesh V. Manohar , Julie Pagès , Jasper Roosmale Nepveu