Related papers: Scale invariant solids
Scale invariance in quantum mechanics can be broken in several ways. A well-known example is the breakdown of continuous scale invariance to discrete scale invariance, whose typical realization is the Efimov effect of three-body problems.…
The cosmological constant problem and the possibility of obtaining a see saw cosmological effect, where the effective vacuum energy is highly suppressed by the existence of a large scale is investigated in the context of scale-invariant,…
We study the conditions for spontaneous symmetry breaking of the (2+1)-dimensional noncommutative phi^6 model in the small-theta limit. In this regime, considering the model as a cutoff theory, it is reasonable to assume translational…
Using the mechanism of spontaneous symmetry breaking of scale invariance obtained from the dynamics of maximal rank field strengths, it is possible to spontaneously generate confining behavior. Introducing a dilaton field, the study of non…
Critical collapse is a well-studied subject for a variety of self-gravitating matter. One of the most intensively examined models is that of perfect fluids, which have been used extensively to describe compact objects such as stars, as well…
We propose a general class of five-dimensional soft-wall models with AdS metric near the ultraviolet brane and four-dimensional Poincar\'e invariance, where the infrared scale is determined dynamically. A large UV/IR hierarchy can be…
Spontaneous symmetry breaking occurs when the underlying laws of a physical system are symmetric, but the vacuum state chosen by the system is not. The (3+1)d $\phi^4$ theory is relatively simple compared to other more complex theories,…
We investigate the phenomenon of second sound in various states of matter from the perspective of non-equilibrium effective field theory (EFT). In particular, for each state of matter considered, we find that at least two (though sometimes…
Amorphous solids tend to present an abundance of soft elastic modes, which diminish their transport properties, generate heterogeneities in their elastic response, and affect non-linear processes like thermal activation of plasticity. This…
A solid object's geometry, density, and elastic moduli completely determine its spectrum of normal modes. Solving the inverse problem - determining a material's elastic moduli given a set of resonance frequencies and sample geometry -…
In the recent years, much attention has been devoted to the inhomogeneous nature of the mechanical response at the nano-scale in disordered solids. Clearly, the elastic heterogeneities that have been characterized in this context are…
It is known that scale invariance is broken in the developed hydrodynamic turbulence due to intermittency, substantiating complexity of turbulent flows. Here we challenge the concept of broken scale invariance by establishing a hidden…
We develop the effective field theory (EFT) of perturbations in the context of scalar-tensor theories with a spacelike scalar profile on arbitrary black hole backgrounds. Our construction of the EFT is based on the fact that in the unitary…
Phonons in solid materials can be understood as the Goldstone bosons of the spontaneously broken spacetime symmetries. As such their low energy dynamics are greatly constrained and can be captured by standard effective field theory (EFT)…
An approximately scale invariant spectrum generating the seeds of structure formation is derived from a bimetric gravity theory. By requiring that the amplitude of the CMB fluctuations from the model matches the observed value, we determine…
Standard models of sequential adsorption are implicitly formulated in a {\em scale invariant} form, by assuming adsorption on an infinite surface, with no characteristic length scales. In real situations, however, involving complex…
Spontaneous symmetry breaking is studied in the ultralocal limit of a scalar quantum field theory, that is when $E\approx m$ (or infrared limit). In this limit we show that a $ \varphi^4$ theory in the euclidean space in four-dimensions…
By using zero-norm states in the spectrum, we explicitly demonstrate the existence of an infinite number of high energy symmetry structures of the closed bosonic string theory. Each symmetry transformation (except those generated by…
Incremental stiffness characterizes the variation of a material's force response to a small deformation change. Typically materials have an incremental stiffness that is fixed and positive, but recent technologies, such as super-lenses, low…
Conformal Field Theories (CFTs) have rich dynamics in heavy states. We describe the constraints due to spontaneously broken boost and dilatation symmetries in such states. The spontaneously broken boost symmetries require the existence of…