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Handwritten mathematical expression recognition (HMER) is challenging in image-to-text tasks due to the complex layouts of mathematical expressions and suffers from problems including over-parsing and under-parsing. To solve these, previous…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-06 Yutian Liu , Wenjun Ke , Jianguo Wei

The self-attention mechanism prevails in modern machine learning. It has an interesting functionality of adaptively selecting tokens from an input sequence by modulating the degree of attention localization, which many researchers speculate…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-02-06 Han Bao , Ryuichiro Hataya , Ryo Karakida

Recognising objects according to a pre-defined fixed set of class labels has been well studied in the Computer Vision. There are a great many practical applications where the subjects that may be of interest are not known beforehand, or so…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-11-20 Bohan Zhuang , Qi Wu , Chunhua Shen , Ian Reid , Anton van den Hengel

The Neural Contextual Reinforcement Framework introduces an innovative approach to enhancing the logical coherence and structural consistency of text generated by large language models. Leveraging reinforcement learning principles, the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-11 Marcus Irvin , William Cooper , Edward Hughes , Jessica Morgan , Christopher Hamilton

Irregular text is widely used. However, it is considerably difficult to recognize because of its various shapes and distorted patterns. In this paper, we thus propose a multi-object rectified attention network (MORAN) for general scene text…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-01-11 Canjie Luo , Lianwen Jin , Zenghui Sun

Large language models have shown remarkable performance across a wide range of language tasks, owing to their exceptional capabilities in context modeling. The most commonly used method of context modeling is full self-attention, as seen in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-26 Zhisong Zhang , Yan Wang , Xinting Huang , Tianqing Fang , Hongming Zhang , Chenlong Deng , Shuaiyi Li , Dong Yu

Given a user's query, traditional image search systems rank images according to its relevance to a single modality (e.g., image content or surrounding text). Nowadays, an increasing number of images on the Internet are available with…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-04-05 Kan Chen , Trung Bui , Fang Chen , Zhaowen Wang , Ram Nevatia

The multi-head self-attention of popular transformer models is widely used within Natural Language Processing (NLP), including for the task of extractive summarization. With the goal of analyzing and pruning the parameter-heavy…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-12-04 Wen Xiao , Patrick Huber , Giuseppe Carenini

Attention mechanisms have seen some success for natural language processing downstream tasks in recent years and generated new State-of-the-Art results. A thorough evaluation of the attention mechanism for the task of Argumentation Mining…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-06-25 Maximilian Spliethöver , Jonas Klaff , Hendrik Heuer

In recent years, the attention mechanism contributes significantly to hypergraph based neural networks. However, these methods update the attention weights with the network propagating. That is to say, this type of attention mechanism is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-10-26 Shuai Shao , Rui Xu , Yan-Jiang Wang , Weifeng Liu , Bao-Di Liu

Attention has become one of the most commonly used mechanisms in deep learning approaches. The attention mechanism can help the system focus more on the feature space's critical regions. For example, high amplitude regions can play an…

Sound · Computer Science 2022-08-24 Junghun Kim , Yoojin An , Jihie Kim

Intelligent systems possess a crucial characteristic of breaking complicated problems into smaller reusable components or parts and adjusting to new tasks using these part representations. However, current part-learners encounter…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-03 Gaurav Bhatt , Deepayan Das , Leonid Sigal , Vineeth N Balasubramanian

The ability to process long contexts is crucial for many natural language processing tasks, yet it remains a significant challenge. While substantial progress has been made in enhancing the efficiency of attention mechanisms, there is still…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-06 Konstantin Donhauser , Charles Arnal , Mohammad Pezeshki , Vivien Cabannes , David Lopez-Paz , Kartik Ahuja

User-defined keyword spotting on a resource-constrained edge device is challenging. However, keywords are often bounded by a maximum keyword length, which has been largely under-leveraged in prior works. Our analysis of keyword-length…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-09-17 Kumari Nishu , Minsik Cho , Devang Naik

The paper proposes a novel regularization procedure for machine learning. The proposed high-order regularization (HR) provides new insight into regularization, which is widely used to train a neural network that can be utilized to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-14 Xinghua Liu , Ming Cao

While the Transformer architecture dominates many fields, its quadratic self-attention complexity hinders its use in large-scale applications. Linear attention offers an efficient alternative, but its direct application often degrades…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-15 Kewei Zhang , Ye Huang , Yufan Deng , Jincheng Yu , Junsong Chen , Huan Ling , Enze Xie , Daquan Zhou

Visual attention has shown usefulness in image captioning, with the goal of enabling a caption model to selectively focus on regions of interest. Existing models typically rely on top-down language information and learn attention implicitly…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-04-02 Shi Chen , Qi Zhao

The attention mechanism has quickly become ubiquitous in NLP. In addition to improving performance of models, attention has been widely used as a glimpse into the inner workings of NLP models. The latter aspect has in the recent years…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-05-20 Martin Tutek , Jan Šnajder

Self-attention has greatly contributed to the success of the widely used Transformer architecture by enabling learning from data with long-range dependencies. In an effort to improve performance, a gated attention model that leverages a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Viet Nguyen , Tuan Minh Pham , Thinh Cao , Tan Dinh , Huy Nguyen , Nhat Ho , Alessandro Rinaldo

Unsupervised registration strategies bypass requirements in ground truth transforms or segmentations by optimising similarity metrics between fixed and moved volumes. Among these methods, a recent subclass of approaches based on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-10 Benjamin Billot , Ramya Muthukrishnan , Esra Abaci-Turk , P. Ellen Grant , Nicholas Ayache , Hervé Delingette , Polina Golland