Related papers: Material Decomposition using Spectral Propagation-…
Knowledge of x-ray attenuation is essential for developing and evaluating x-ray imaging technologies. For instance, techniques to distinguish between cysts and solid tumours at mammography screening would be highly desirable to reduce…
X-ray phase-contrast imaging has experienced rapid development over the last few decades, and in this technology, the phase modulation strategy of phase-stepping is used most widely to measure the sample's phase signal. However, because of…
Transient X-ray absorption techniques can measure ultrafast dynamics of the elemental edges in a material or multiple layer junction, giving them immense potential for deconvoluting concurrent processes. However, the interpretation of the…
Objective: X-ray computed tomography employing sparse projection views has emerged as a contemporary technique to mitigate radiation dose. However, due to the inadequate number of projection views, an analytic reconstruction method…
A Monte Carlo program based on a three dimensional vector approach was developed to model multiple refractive scattering of X-ray photons in objects with a fine structure. A particular interest was paid to the investigation of lung tissue.…
Model-based material decomposition is a statisticaliterative reconstruction framework where basis material densityimages are estimated directly from spectral CT data. This methoduses a physical model for polyenergetic x-ray transmission…
Nighttime images captured under hazy conditions suffer from severe quality degradation, including low visibility, color distortion, and reduced contrast, caused by the combined effects of atmospheric scattering, absorption by suspended…
Knowledge of x-ray attenuation is essential for developing and evaluating x-ray imaging technologies. For instance, techniques to better characterize cysts at mammography screening would be highly desirable to reduce recalls, but the…
Ultrasound imaging is widely used in noninvasive medical diagnostics due to its efficiency, portability, and avoidance of ionizing radiation. However, its utility is limited by the quality of the signal. Signal-dependent speckle noise,…
Dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) has been widely used to obtain quantitative elemental composition of imaged subjects for personalized and precise medical diagnosis. Compared with DECT leveraging advanced X-ray source and/or detector…
Three-dimensional x-ray CT image reconstruction in baggage scanning in security applications is an important research field. The variety of materials to be reconstructed is broader than medical x-ray imaging. Presence of high attenuating…
X-ray Talbot-Lau interferometer has been used widely to conduct phase contrast imaging with a conventional low-brilliance x-ray source. Typically, in this technique, background correction has to be performed in order to obtain the pure…
Many clinical applications depend critically on the accurate differentiation and classification of different types of materials in patient anatomy. This work introduces a unified framework for accurate nonlinear material decomposition and…
Dark-field images are formed by small-angle scattering of x-ray photons. The small-angle scattering signal is particularly sensitive to structural variations and density fluctuation on a length scale of several ten to hundred nanometers,…
We introduce a new X-ray imaging technique to facilitate propagation-based phase contrast of large, centimeter-sized samples. The diffracted X-ray wavefield behind the sample is demagnified by asymmetric Bragg crystal optics, thereby…
Condensed phase systems often exhibit a mixture of deterministic and stochastic dynamics at the nanoscale which are essential to understanding their function, but can be challenging to study directly using conventional imaging methods.…
We propose approaches based on deep learning to localize objects in images when only a small training dataset is available and the images have low quality. That applies to many problems in medical image processing, and in particular to the…
Articular cartilage showcases distinctive mechanical behaviour, attributable to its biphasic composition and hierarchical organization. Proteoglycans, essential constituents of the extracellular matrix, contribute to tissue swelling,…
Multiexponential modeling of relaxation or diffusion MR signal decays is a popular approach for estimating and spatially mapping different microstructural tissue compartments. While this approach can be quite powerful, it is also limited by…
Dark-field X-ray imaging is a novel modality which visualises scattering from unresolved microstructure. Most dark-field imaging techniques rely on crystals or structured illumination, but recent work has shown that dark-field effects are…