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Many data clustering applications must handle objects that cannot be represented as vectors. In this context, the bag-of-vectors representation describes complex objects through discrete distributions, for which the Wasserstein distance…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-15 Alfredo Oneto , Blazhe Gjorgiev , Giovanni Sansavini

The mean-field theory for two-layer neural networks considers infinitely wide networks that are linearly parameterized by a probability measure over the parameter space. This nonparametric perspective has significantly advanced both the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-08 Sinho Chewi , Philippe Rigollet , Yuling Yan

This note addresses computational difficulty of the Gromov-Wasserstein distance frequently mentioned in the literature. We provide details on the structure of the Gromov-Wasserstein distance optimization problem that show its non-convex…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-02-10 Natalia Kravtsova

The Weisfeiler-Lehman (WL) test is a classical procedure for graph isomorphism testing. The WL test has also been widely used both for designing graph kernels and for analyzing graph neural networks. In this paper, we propose the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-08 Samantha Chen , Sunhyuk Lim , Facundo Mémoli , Zhengchao Wan , Yusu Wang

We address the problem of efficiently computing Wasserstein distances for multiple pairs of distributions drawn from a meta-distribution. To this end, we propose a fast estimation method based on regressing Wasserstein distance on sliced…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-03-04 Khai Nguyen , Hai Nguyen , Nhat Ho

We introduce a novel framework for graph signal processing (GSP) that models signals as graph distribution-valued signals (GDSs), which are probability distributions in the Wasserstein space. This approach overcomes key limitations of…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-03-25 Yanan Zhao , Feng Ji , Xingchao Jian , Wee Peng Tay

The construction of an averaged theory of gravity based on Einstein's General Relativity is very difficult due to the non-linear nature of the gravitational field equations. This problem is further exacerbated by the difficulty in defining…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2010-04-16 R. J. van den Hoogen

Stochastic-gradient sampling methods are often used to perform Bayesian inference on neural networks. It has been observed that the methods in which notions of differential geometry are included tend to have better performances, with the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Hanlin Yu , Marcelo Hartmann , Bernardo Williams , Arto Klami

This work explores the clustering of wireless users by examining the distances between their channel covariance matrices, which reside on the Riemannian manifold of positive definite matrices. Specifically, we consider an estimator of the…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-08-09 Roberto Pereira , Xavier Mestre

Faithful visualizations of data residing on manifolds must take the underlying geometry into account when producing a flat planar view of the data. In this paper, we extend the classic stochastic neighbor embedding (SNE) algorithm to data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-18 Andri Bergsson , Søren Hauberg

Stochastic variance reduction algorithms have recently become popular for minimizing the average of a large, but finite, number of loss functions. In this paper, we propose a novel Riemannian extension of the Euclidean stochastic variance…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-04-11 Hiroyuki Kasai , Hiroyuki Sato , Bamdev Mishra

It has long been thought that high-dimensional data encountered in many practical machine learning tasks have low-dimensional structure, i.e., the manifold hypothesis holds. A natural question, thus, is to estimate the intrinsic dimension…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-06-01 Adam Block , Zeyu Jia , Yury Polyanskiy , Alexander Rakhlin

Any procedure applied to data, and any quantity derived from data, is required to respect the nature and symmetries of the data. This axiom applies to refinement procedures and multiresolution transforms as well as to more basic operations…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2019-07-18 Johannes Wallner

Information geometry describes a framework where probability densities can be viewed as differential geometry structures. This approach has shown that the geometry in the space of probability distributions that are parameterized by their…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2018-01-16 M. Ashok Kumar , Kumar Vijay Mishra

In this work we study systems consisting of a group of moving particles. In such systems, often some important parameters are unknown and have to be estimated from observed data. Such parameter estimation problems can often be solved via a…

Applications · Statistics 2023-07-11 Chen Cheng , Linjie Wen , Jinglai Li

Automatic scoring of student responses enhances efficiency in education, but deploying a separate neural network for each task increases storage demands, maintenance efforts, and redundant computations. To address these challenges, this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-14 Luyang Fang , Ehsan Latif , Haoran Lu , Yifan Zhou , Ping Ma , Xiaoming Zhai

Finding the mean of sampled data is a fundamental task in machine learning and statistics. However, in cases where the data samples are graph objects, defining a mean is an inherently difficult task. We propose a novel framework for…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-03-04 Isabel Haasler , Pascal Frossard

Graphs are ubiquitous, and learning on graphs has become a cornerstone in artificial intelligence and data mining communities. Unlike pixel grids in images or sequential structures in language, graphs exhibit a typical non-Euclidean…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-12 Li Sun , Qiqi Wan , Suyang Zhou , Zhenhao Huang , Philip S. Yu

We develop a matricial version of Rieffel's Gromov-Hausdorff distance for compact quantum metric spaces within the setting of operator systems and unital C*-algebras. Our approach yields a metric space of ``isometric'' unital complete order…

Operator Algebras · Mathematics 2007-05-23 David Kerr

The mathematical forces at work behind Generative Adversarial Networks raise challenging theoretical issues. Motivated by the important question of characterizing the geometrical properties of the generated distributions, we provide a…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-10-06 Arthur Stéphanovitch , Ugo Tanielian , Benoît Cadre , Nicolas Klutchnikoff , Gérard Biau