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We address the task of evidence retrieval for long document question answering, which involves locating relevant paragraphs within a document to answer a question. We aim to assess the applicability of large language models (LLMs) in the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-23 Inderjeet Nair , Shwetha Somasundaram , Apoorv Saxena , Koustava Goswami

This paper presents a procedure to retrieve subsets of relevant documents from large text collections for Content Analysis, e.g. in social sciences. Document retrieval for this purpose needs to take account of the fact that analysts often…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2017-07-12 Gregor Wiedemann , Andreas Niekler

The automation of document processing is gaining recent attention due to the great potential to reduce manual work through improved methods and hardware. Neural networks have been successfully applied before - even though they have been…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-15 Martin Holeček

Legal documents are unstructured, use legal jargon, and have considerable length, making them difficult to process automatically via conventional text processing techniques. A legal document processing system would benefit substantially if…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-08 Vijit Malik , Rishabh Sanjay , Shouvik Kumar Guha , Angshuman Hazarika , Shubham Nigam , Arnab Bhattacharya , Ashutosh Modi

Text segmentation is important for signaling a document's structure. Without segmenting a long document into topically coherent sections, it is difficult for readers to comprehend the text, let alone find important information. The problem…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-01 Sangwoo Cho , Kaiqiang Song , Xiaoyang Wang , Fei Liu , Dong Yu

The ability to understand and answer questions over documents can be useful in many business and practical applications. However, documents often contain lengthy and diverse multimodal contents such as texts, figures, and tables, which are…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-12 Yew Ken Chia , Liying Cheng , Hou Pong Chan , Chaoqun Liu , Maojia Song , Sharifah Mahani Aljunied , Soujanya Poria , Lidong Bing

In this paper, we study the problem of extracting variable-depth "logical document hierarchy" from long documents, namely organizing the recognized "physical document objects" into hierarchical structures. The discovery of logical document…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2021-05-21 Rongyu Cao , Yixuan Cao , Ganbin Zhou , Ping Luo

The continually increasing number of documents produced each year necessitates ever improving information processing methods for searching, retrieving, and organizing text. Central to these information processing methods is document…

Visually Rich Documents (VRDs) play a vital role in domains such as academia, finance, healthcare, and marketing, as they convey information through a combination of text, layout, and visual elements. Traditional approaches to extracting…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-23 Yihao Ding , Soyeon Caren Han , Jean Lee , Eduard Hovy

With the rapid advancement of tool-use capabilities in Large Language Models (LLMs), Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) is shifting from static, one-shot retrieval toward autonomous, multi-turn evidence acquisition. However, existing…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Zhanli Li , Huiwen Tian , Lvzhou Luo , Yixuan Cao , Ping Luo

Information on different fields which are collected by users requires appropriate management and organization to be structured in a standard way and retrieved fast and more easily. Document classification is a conventional method to…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2019-09-18 Madjid Khalilian , Shiva Hassanzadeh

There is a complex correlation among the data of scientific papers. The phenomenon reveals the data characteristics, laws, and correlations contained in the data of scientific and technological papers in specific fields, which can realize…

Digital Libraries · Computer Science 2022-04-26 Jie Song , Meiyu Liang , Zhe Xue , Feifei Kou , Ang Li

We present an end-to-end, multimodal, fully convolutional network for extracting semantic structures from document images. We consider document semantic structure extraction as a pixel-wise segmentation task, and propose a unified model…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-06-09 Xiao Yang , Ersin Yumer , Paul Asente , Mike Kraley , Daniel Kifer , C. Lee Giles

In the field of machine learning, data understanding is the practice of getting initial insights in unknown datasets. Such knowledge-intensive tasks require a lot of documentation, which is necessary for data scientists to grasp the meaning…

Databases · Computer Science 2018-06-14 Markus Schröder , Christian Jilek , Jörn Hees , Andreas Dengel

Large, pre-trained transformer models like BERT have achieved state-of-the-art results on document understanding tasks, but most implementations can only consider 512 tokens at a time. For many real-world applications, documents can be much…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-07-20 Allison Hegel , Marina Shah , Genevieve Peaslee , Brendan Roof , Emad Elwany

Extracting summaries from long documents can be regarded as sentence classification using the structural information of the documents. How to use such structural information to summarize a document is challenging. In this paper, we propose…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-01-23 Junyi Bian , Xiaodi Huang , Hong Zhou , Shanfeng Zhu

Long document retrieval aims to fetch query-relevant documents from a large-scale collection, where knowledge distillation has become de facto to improve a retriever by mimicking a heterogeneous yet powerful cross-encoder. However, in…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-12-21 Yucheng Zhou , Tao Shen , Xiubo Geng , Chongyang Tao , Guodong Long , Can Xu , Daxin Jiang

Large amount of public data produced by enterprises are in semi-structured PDF form. Tabular data extraction from reports and other published data in PDF format is of interest for various data consolidation purposes such as analysing and…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2019-01-16 Rahul Anand , Hye-Young Paik , Cheng Wang

Mainstream knowledge management researchers generally agree that knowledge extracted from unstructured data and semi-structured data have become imperative for organizational strategic decision making. In this research, we develop a…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2020-07-15 Gerald Onwujekwe , Kweku-Muata Osei-Bryson , Nnatubemugo Ngwum

Pool of knowledge available to the mankind depends on the source of learning resources, which can vary from ancient printed documents to present electronic material. The rapid conversion of material available in traditional libraries to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2014-12-25 Akmal Jahan Mac , Roshan G Ragel