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Artificial and biological neural networks (ANNs and BNNs) can encode inputs in the form of combinations of individual neurons' activities. These combinatorial neural codes present a computational challenge for direct and efficient analysis…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2022-10-20 Thomas F Burns , Irwansyah

Neural networks are powerful function approximators, yet their ``black-box" nature often renders them opaque and difficult to interpret. While many post-hoc explanation methods exist, they typically fail to capture the underlying reasoning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-29 Nisal Ranasinghe , Yu Xia , Sachith Seneviratne , Saman Halgamuge

Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) have emerged as a key tool in Scientific Machine Learning since their introduction in 2017, enabling the efficient solution of ordinary and partial differential equations using sparse measurements.…

Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) serve as a flexible alternative for tackling forward and inverse problems in differential equations, displaying impressive advancements in diverse areas of applied mathematics. Despite integrating…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2024-07-12 Shengfeng Xu , Chang Yan , Zhenxu Sun , Renfang Huang , Dilong Guo , Guowei Yang

We propose a simple, but efficient and accurate machine learning (ML) model for developing high-dimensional potential energy surface. This so-called embedded atom neural network (EANN) approach is inspired by the well-known empirical…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2019-10-23 Yaolong Zhang , Ce Hu , Bin Jiang

Physics-Informed Neural Network (PINN) is a novel multi-task learning framework useful for solving physical problems modeled using differential equations (DEs) by integrating the knowledge of physics and known constraints into the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-18 Shivprasad Kathane , Shyamprasad Karagadde

Neural Networks (NNs) are effective models for refining the accuracy of molecular dynamics, opening up new fields of application. Typically trained bottom-up, atomistic NN potential models can reach first-principle accuracy, while…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2025-05-19 Paul Fuchs , Stephan Thaler , Sebastien Röcken , Julija Zavadlav

Artificial neural networks (ANNs) have been broadly utilized to analyze various data and solve different domain problems. However, neural networks (NNs) have been considered a black box operation for years because their underlying…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-10-04 Dong H. Jeong , Jin-Hee Cho , Feng Chen , Audun Josang , Soo-Yeon Ji

Spiking neural networks (SNNs) have shown clear advantages over traditional artificial neural networks (ANNs) for low latency and high computational efficiency, due to their event-driven nature and sparse communication. However, the…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2020-07-03 Jibin Wu , Chenglin Xu , Daquan Zhou , Haizhou Li , Kay Chen Tan

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) have emerged as a versatile and widely applicable concept across various science and engineering domains over the past decade. This article offers a comprehensive overview of the fundamentals of…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2024-10-02 Sai Ganga , Ziya Uddin

Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) have emerged as a powerful tool for solving partial differential equations~(PDEs) in various scientific and engineering domains. However, traditional PINN architectures typically rely on large, fully…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2024-04-22 Stefano Markidis

In this paper, a framework for testing Deep Neural Network (DNN) design in Python is presented. First, big data, machine learning (ML), and Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) are discussed to familiarize the reader with the importance of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2015-10-27 Clay McLeod

In recent years, the integration of Machine Learning (ML) models with Operation Research (OR) tools has gained popularity across diverse applications, including cancer treatment, algorithmic configuration, and chemical process optimization.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-17 Matteo Cacciola , Antonio Frangioni , Andrea Lodi

Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) are machine learning tools that approximate the solution of general partial differential equations (PDEs) by adding them in some form as terms of the loss/cost function of a Neural Network. Most…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2022-08-29 Antonio Tadeu Azevedo Gomes , Larissa Miguez da Silva , Frederic Valentin

Real-time, physically-consistent predictions on low-power edge devices is critical for the next generation embodied AI systems, yet it remains a major challenge. Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) combine data-driven learning with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Chi Zhang , Lin Wang

Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) are one of the most widely employed forms of bio-inspired computation. However the current trend is for ANNs to be structurally homogeneous. Furthermore, this structural homogeneity requires the application…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-03-26 Andrew Walter , Shimeng Wu , Andy M. Tyrrell , Liam McDaid , Malachy McElholm , Nidhin Thandassery Sumithran , Jim Harkin , Martin A. Trefzer

Atomistic materials modeling is a critical task with wide-ranging applications, from drug discovery to materials science, where accurate predictions of the target material property can lead to significant advancements in scientific…

Big-data-based artificial intelligence (AI) supports profound evolution in almost all of science and technology. However, modeling and forecasting multi-physical systems remain a challenge due to unavoidable data scarcity and noise.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-08 Pengpeng Shi , Zhi Zeng , Tianshou Liang

Atomic resolution STEM images often suffer from noise due to low electron doses and instrument imperfections, hence it is challenging to obtain critical structural details required for material analysis. To address the problem, we propose a…

Materials Science · Physics 2024-12-18 Z. Awan , J. Shabeer , U. Saleem , S. Mehmood , T. Qadeer

Supervised learning on molecules has incredible potential to be useful in chemistry, drug discovery, and materials science. Luckily, several promising and closely related neural network models invariant to molecular symmetries have already…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-06-14 Justin Gilmer , Samuel S. Schoenholz , Patrick F. Riley , Oriol Vinyals , George E. Dahl