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The aim of this thesis is to investigate quantum entanglement and quantum nonlocality of bipartite finite-dimensional systems (bipartite qudits). Entanglement is one of the most fascinating non-classical features of quantum theory, and…
Entanglement, the non-local correlations present in multipartite quantum systems, is a curious feature of quantum mechanics and the fuel of quantum technology. It is therefore a major priority to develop energy-conserving and simple methods…
The measurement of correlations between different degrees of freedom is an important, but in general extremely difficult task in many applications of quantum mechanics. Here, we report an all-optical experimental detection and…
The three photons from the dominant ortho-positronium decay and two vector mesons from the $\eta_c$ exclusive decays are found to be in tripartite and high-dimensional entangled states, respectively. These two classes of entangled states…
Indistinguishability in quantum mechanics is an essential concept to understanding mysterious quantum features such as self-interference of a single photon and two-photon nonlocal correlation. Delayed-choice experiments are for the…
Entanglement and interference are both hallmark effects of quantum physics. Particularly rich dynamics arise when multiple (at least partially) indistinguishable particles are subjected to either of these phenomena. By combining both…
According to the no-signaling theorem, the nonlocal collapse of the wavefunction of an entangled particle by the measurement on its twin particle at a remote location cannot be used to send useful information. Given that experiments on…
Bell inequality violation is a quantitative measurement tool for quantum entanglement. Quantum entanglement is the heart of quantum information science, in which the resulting nonlocal correlation between remotely separated photons shows a…
So far no mechanism is known, which could connect the two measurements in an Aspect-type experiment. Here, we suggest such a mechanism, based on the phase of a photon's field during propagation. We show that two polarization measurements…
The violation of a Bell inequality is a striking demonstration of how quantum mechanics contradicts local realism. Although the original argument was presented with a pair of spin 1/2 particles, so far Bell inequalities have been shown to…
It is shown how a "meddlesome" photon indistinguishable from another photon of an entangled pair can affect the result of an Einstein- Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) experiment. This makes it clear the importance of the notion of field over that of…
For a wide range of applications a fast, non-destructive, remote, and sensitive identification of samples with predefined characteristics is preferred instead of their full characterization. Here, we report on the experimental…
We propose an experimental test of local hidden variable theories against quantum mechanics by measuring the polarization correlation of entangled vector meson pairs. In our study, the form of the polarization correlation probability is…
We perform numerical tests on quantum nonlocality of two-level quantum systems (qubits) observed by a uniformly moving observer. Under a suitable momentum setting, the quantum nonlocality of two-qubit nonmaximally entangled states could be…
A quantum system composed of two or more subsystems can be in an entangled state, i.e. a state in which the properties of the global system are well defined but the properties of each subsystem are not. Entanglement is at the heart of…
Bell inequalities are a cornerstone of quantum physics. By carefully selecting measurement bases (typically polarization), their violation certifies quantum entanglement. Such measurements are disrupted by the presence of optical disorder…
We report the observation of entanglement between a single trapped atom and a single photon at a wavelength suitable for low-loss communication over large distances, thereby achieving a crucial step towards long range quantum networks. To…
In this paper we describe a test of Bell inequalities using a non- maximally entangled state, which represents an important step in the direction of eliminating the detection loophole. The experiment is based on the creation of a…
Long-range quantum correlations between particles are usually formulated by assuming the persistence of an entangled state after the particles have spearated. Here this approach is re-examined based upon studying the correlations present in…
We propose a single-particle experiment that is equivalent to the conventional two-particle experiment used to demonstrate a violation of Bell's inequalities. Hence, we argue that quantum mechanical nonlocality can be demonstrated by…