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Modern machine learning models are often trained in a setting where the number of parameters exceeds the number of training samples. To understand the implicit bias of gradient descent in such overparameterized models, prior work has…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-10-29 Hannes Matt , Dominik Stöger

In deep learning, it is common to use more network parameters than training points. In such scenarioof over-parameterization, there are usually multiple networks that achieve zero training error so that thetraining algorithm induces an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-22 Hung-Hsu Chou , Carsten Gieshoff , Johannes Maly , Holger Rauhut

This paper studies how neural network architecture affects the speed of training. We introduce a simple concept called gradient confusion to help formally analyze this. When gradient confusion is high, stochastic gradients produced by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-08 Karthik A. Sankararaman , Soham De , Zheng Xu , W. Ronny Huang , Tom Goldstein

Modern neural networks are typically trained in an over-parameterized regime where the parameters of the model far exceed the size of the training data. Such neural networks in principle have the capacity to (over)fit any set of labels…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-07-05 Mingchen Li , Mahdi Soltanolkotabi , Samet Oymak

Recently, significant progress has been made in understanding the generalization of neural networks (NNs) trained by gradient descent (GD) using the algorithmic stability approach. However, most of the existing research has focused on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Puyu Wang , Yunwen Lei , Di Wang , Yiming Ying , Ding-Xuan Zhou

A widely believed explanation for the remarkable generalization capacities of overparameterized neural networks is that the optimization algorithms used for training induce an implicit bias towards benign solutions. To grasp this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-19 Maria Matveev , Vit Fojtik , Hung-Hsu Chou , Gitta Kutyniok , Johannes Maly

The trend towards increasingly deep neural networks has been driven by a general observation that increasing depth increases the performance of a network. Recently, however, evidence has been amassing that simply increasing depth may not be…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-12-01 Zifeng Wu , Chunhua Shen , Anton van den Hengel

Very deep convolutional networks with hundreds of layers have led to significant reductions in error on competitive benchmarks. Although the unmatched expressiveness of the many layers can be highly desirable at test time, training very…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-08-01 Gao Huang , Yu Sun , Zhuang Liu , Daniel Sedra , Kilian Weinberger

This paper explores the connection between learning trajectories of Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) and their generalization capabilities when optimized using (stochastic) gradient descent algorithms. Instead of concentrating solely on the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-01 Jingwen Fu , Zhizheng Zhang , Dacheng Yin , Yan Lu , Nanning Zheng

Advanced machine learning methods, and more prominently neural networks, have become standard to solve inverse problems over the last years. However, the theoretical recovery guarantees of such methods are still scarce and difficult to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-11 Nathan Buskulic , Jalal Fadili , Yvain Quéau

Recently, several studies have proven the global convergence and generalization abilities of the gradient descent method for two-layer ReLU networks. Most studies especially focused on the regression problems with the squared loss function,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-03-19 Atsushi Nitanda , Geoffrey Chinot , Taiji Suzuki

Current deep neural networks are highly overparameterized (up to billions of connection weights) and nonlinear. Yet they can fit data almost perfectly through variants of gradient descent algorithms and achieve unexpected levels of…

Understanding the asymptotic behavior of gradient-descent training of deep neural networks is essential for revealing inductive biases and improving network performance. We derive the infinite-time training limit of a mathematically…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-02-08 Samuel Lippl , L. F. Abbott , SueYeon Chung

Recently, a spate of papers have provided positive theoretical results for training over-parameterized neural networks (where the network size is larger than what is needed to achieve low error). The key insight is that with sufficient…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-01 Gilad Yehudai , Ohad Shamir

Residual Network (ResNet) is the state-of-the-art architecture that realizes successful training of really deep neural network. It is also known that good weight initialization of neural network avoids problem of vanishing/exploding…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-10-16 Masato Taki

We consider the dynamics of gradient descent (GD) in overparameterized single hidden layer neural networks with a squared loss function. Recently, it has been shown that, under some conditions, the parameter values obtained using GD achieve…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-17 Siddhartha Satpathi , R Srikant

In this work we propose a novel interpretation of residual networks showing that they can be seen as a collection of many paths of differing length. Moreover, residual networks seem to enable very deep networks by leveraging only the short…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-10-28 Andreas Veit , Michael Wilber , Serge Belongie

Generalisation across image scales remains a fundamental challenge for deep networks, which often fail to handle images at scales not seen during training (the out-of-distribution problem). In this paper, we present provably scale-invariant…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-04 Andrzej Perzanowski , Tony Lindeberg

Residual networks (ResNets) have displayed impressive results in pattern recognition and, recently, have garnered considerable theoretical interest due to a perceived link with neural ordinary differential equations (neural ODEs). This link…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-11 Alain-Sam Cohen , Rama Cont , Alain Rossier , Renyuan Xu

Understanding the implicit bias of training algorithms is of crucial importance in order to explain the success of overparametrised neural networks. In this paper, we study the dynamics of stochastic gradient descent over diagonal linear…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-08 Scott Pesme , Loucas Pillaud-Vivien , Nicolas Flammarion