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Very sensitive HI 21cm observations have been made in 860 directions at dec >= -43deg in search of weak, Galactic, high-velocity HI emission lines at moderate and high Galactic latitudes. One-third of the observations were made toward…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 Felix J. Lockman , Edward M. Murphy , Sara Petty-Powell , Vincent J. Urick

Line intensity mapping (LIM) is an emerging observational method to study the large-scale structure of the Universe and its evolution. LIM does not resolve individual sources but probes the fluctuations of integrated line emissions. A…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2020-06-03 Kana Moriwaki , Nina Filippova , Masato Shirasaki , Naoki Yoshida

Line intensity mapping (LIM) provides a unique and powerful means to probe cosmic structures by measuring the aggregate line emission from all galaxies across redshift. The method is complementary to conventional galaxy redshift surveys…

The sky-averaged (global) 21-cm signal is a powerful probe of the intergalactic medium (IGM) prior to the completion of reionization. However, it has so far been unclear that even in the best case scenario, in which the signal is accurately…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-17 Jordan Mirocha , Geraint J. A. Harker , Jack O. Burns

We propose observations of the molecular gas distribution during the era of reionization. At $z \sim $ 6 to 8, $^{12}$CO$(J=1-0)$ line intensity results in a mean brightness temperature of about 0.5 $\mu$K with rms fluctuations of 0.1…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-27 Yan Gong , Asantha Cooray , Marta B. Silva , Mario G. Santos , Phillip Lubin

High-number-density tracers of large-scale structure, such as the HI-rich galaxies measured by 21 cm intensity mapping, have low sampling noise, making them particularly promising as cosmological probes. At large scales, this sampling noise…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-10-28 Simon Foreman , Andrej Obuljen , Marko Simonović

At cosmic dawn, the 21-centimeter signal from intergalactic hydrogen was driven by Lyman-$\alpha$ photons from some of the earliest stars, producing a spatial pattern that reflected the distribution of galaxies at that time. Due to the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2023-11-28 Itamar Reis , Rennan Barkana , Anastasia Fialkov

21cm emission from residual neutral hydrogen after the epoch of reionization can be used to trace the cosmological power spectrum of density fluctuations. Using a Fisher matrix formulation, we provide a detailed forecast of the constraints…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 Eli Visbal , Abraham Loeb , Stuart Wyithe

The neutral hydrogen (HI) signal is a crucial probe for astrophysics and cosmology, but it is quite challenging to measure from raw data because of bright foreground contaminants at radio wavelengths. Cross-correlating the radio…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-03-27 Alessandro Marins , Chang Feng , Filipe B. Abdalla

We explore the potential of upcoming 21-cm interferometric observations to probe interacting dark matter (IDM). We focus on scenarios where the dark matter-baryon scattering cross-section scales as $\sigma(v) =\sigma_{0} v^n$, with…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-08-29 Aryan Rahimieh , Priyank Parashari , Vera Gluscevic

We present a quantitative model of Lyman-alpha (Ly-alpha) emission throughout cosmic history and determine the prospects for intensity mapping of spatial fluctuations in the Ly-alpha signal. Since i) our model assumes at z>6 the minimum…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-17 Anthony Pullen , Olivier Dore , Jamie Bock

We present a beam pattern measurement of the Canadian Hydrogen Intensity Mapping Experiment (CHIME) made using the Sun as a calibration source. As CHIME is a pure drift scan instrument, we rely on the seasonal North-South motion of the Sun…

The MIST experiment aims to detect the cosmological 21-cm signal through sky observations at 25-125 MHz using a wide-beam antenna. The antenna is mounted above the soil and the beam characteristics are highly dependent on the soil's…

The 21-cm signal provides a novel avenue to measure the thermal state of the universe during cosmic dawn and reionization (redshifts $z\sim 5-30$), and thus to probe energy injection from decaying or annihilating dark matter (DM). These DM…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2023-12-20 Yitian Sun , Joshua W. Foster , Hongwan Liu , Julian B. Muñoz , Tracy R. Slatyer

The redshifted 21-cm signal from the dark ages offers a powerful probe of cosmological models and the underlying dark matter (DM) microphysics. We investigate deviations from the standard $\Lambda$CDM prediction, an absorption trough of…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-04-15 Debarun Paul , Sourav Pal , Deepthi Moorkanat , Antara Dey , Amit Dutta Banik , Rajesh Mondal

We consider the capabilities for detecting low order CO emission lines from high-z galaxies using the next generation of radio telescopes operating at 22 and 43 GHz. We employ models for the evolution of dusty star forming galaxies based on…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 C. L. Carilli , A. W. Blain

We present projected constraints on modified gravity models from the observational technique known as 21 cm intensity mapping, where cosmic structure is detected without resolving individual galaxies. The resulting map is sensitive to both…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2010-04-06 Kiyoshi Wesley Masui , Fabian Schmidt , Ue-Li Pen , Patrick McDonald

Precision cosmology requires accurate galaxy redshifts, but next generation optical surveys will observe unprecedented numbers of resolved galaxies, placing strain on the amount of spectroscopic follow-up required. We show how useful…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2018-11-07 Steven Cunnington , Ian Harrison , Alkistis Pourtsidou , David Bacon

Constraints on dark matter annihilation or decay offer unique insights into the nature of dark matter. We illustrate how surveys dedicated to detect the highly redshifted 21 cm signal from the dark ages will offer a new window into…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2020-07-22 Katie Short , José Luis Bernal , Alvise Raccanelli , Licia Verde , Jens Chluba

Line-intensity mapping (LIM) experiments coming online now will survey fluctuations in aggregate emission in the [C II] ionized carbon line from galaxies at the end of reionization. Experimental progress must be matched by theoretical…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-06-18 Patrick Horlaville , Dongwoo T. Chung , J. Richard Bond , Lichen Liang