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We investigate how an adversary can optimally use its query budget for targeted evasion attacks against deep neural networks in a black-box setting. We formalize the problem setting and systematically evaluate what benefits the adversary…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-23 Mika Juuti , Buse Gul Atli , N. Asokan

Deep neural networks (DNNs) are sensitive to adversarial data in a variety of scenarios, including the black-box scenario, where the attacker is only allowed to query the trained model and receive an output. Existing black-box methods for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-11-29 Raz Lapid , Zvika Haramaty , Moshe Sipper

Recent work has shown how easily white-box adversarial attacks can be applied to state-of-the-art image classifiers. However, real-life scenarios resemble more the black-box adversarial conditions, lacking transparency and usually imposing…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-07-14 Andrei Ilie , Marius Popescu , Alin Stefanescu

Recent studies have highlighted that deep neural networks (DNNs) are vulnerable to adversarial attacks, even in a black-box scenario. However, most of the existing black-box attack algorithms need to make a huge amount of queries to perform…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-09-11 Yali Du , Meng Fang , Jinfeng Yi , Jun Cheng , Dacheng Tao

In the last decade, deep neural networks have proven to be very powerful in computer vision tasks, starting a revolution in the computer vision and machine learning fields. However, deep neural networks, usually, are not robust to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-05-03 Hao Qiu , Leonardo Lucio Custode , Giovanni Iacca

Note that this paper is superceded by "Black-Box Adversarial Attacks with Limited Queries and Information." Current neural network-based image classifiers are susceptible to adversarial examples, even in the black-box setting, where the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-04-09 Andrew Ilyas , Logan Engstrom , Anish Athalye , Jessy Lin

Many studies have been done to prove the vulnerability of neural networks to adversarial example. A trained and well-behaved model can be fooled by a visually imperceptible perturbation, i.e., an originally correctly classified image could…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-06-24 YiGui Luo , RuiJia Yang , Wei Sha , WeiYi Ding , YouTeng Sun , YiSi Wang

Deep neural networks (DNNs) have achieved state-of-the-art performance in many tasks but have shown extreme vulnerabilities to attacks generated by adversarial examples. Many works go with a white-box attack that assumes total access to the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-03-10 Phoenix Williams , Ke Li

Adversarial robustness in structured data remains an underexplored frontier compared to vision and language domains. In this work, we introduce a novel black-box, decision-based adversarial attack tailored for tabular data. Our approach…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Roie Kazoom , Yuval Ratzabi , Etamar Rothstein , Ofer Hadar

We introduce a novel distributed derivative-free optimization framework that is resilient to stragglers. The proposed method employs coded search directions at which the objective function is evaluated, and a decoding step to find the next…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2019-07-16 Burak Bartan , Mert Pilanci

Deep neural networks are vulnerable to adversarial examples, even in the black-box setting, where the attacker is restricted solely to query access. Existing black-box approaches to generating adversarial examples typically require a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-07-02 Moustafa Alzantot , Yash Sharma , Supriyo Chakraborty , Huan Zhang , Cho-Jui Hsieh , Mani Srivastava

We present a new method for black-box adversarial attack. Unlike previous methods that combined transfer-based and scored-based methods by using the gradient or initialization of a surrogate white-box model, this new method tries to learn a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-01-07 Zhichao Huang , Tong Zhang

We focus on the problem of black-box adversarial attacks, where the aim is to generate adversarial examples for deep learning models solely based on information limited to output label~(hard label) to a queried data input. We propose a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-14 Satya Narayan Shukla , Anit Kumar Sahu , Devin Willmott , J. Zico Kolter

Face recognition has obtained remarkable progress in recent years due to the great improvement of deep convolutional neural networks (CNNs). However, deep CNNs are vulnerable to adversarial examples, which can cause fateful consequences in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-04-10 Yinpeng Dong , Hang Su , Baoyuan Wu , Zhifeng Li , Wei Liu , Tong Zhang , Jun Zhu

We focus on the problem of black-box adversarial attacks, where the aim is to generate adversarial examples using information limited to loss function evaluations of input-output pairs. We use Bayesian optimization~(BO) to specifically…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-01 Satya Narayan Shukla , Anit Kumar Sahu , Devin Willmott , J. Zico Kolter

Deep neural networks are vulnerable to adversarial examples, even in the black-box setting where the attacker is only accessible to the model output. Recent studies have devised effective black-box attacks with high query efficiency.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-07 Zeyu Dai , Shengcai Liu , Ke Tang , Qing Li

We present a black-box adversarial attack algorithm which sets new state-of-the-art model evasion rates for query efficiency in the $\ell_\infty$ and $\ell_2$ metrics, where only loss-oracle access to the model is available. On two public…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-04-04 Abdullah Al-Dujaili , Una-May O'Reilly

Adversarial attacks, wherein slight inputs are carefully crafted to mislead intelligent models, have attracted increasing attention. However, a critical gap persists between theoretical advancements and practical application, particularly…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-26 Sabrine Ennaji , Elhadj Benkhelifa , Luigi V. Mancini

Adversarial text attack research plays a crucial role in evaluating the robustness of NLP models. However, the increasing complexity of transformer-based architectures has dramatically raised the computational cost of attack testing,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-26 Abhinay Shankar Belde , Rohit Ramkumar , Jonathan Rusert

Black-box adversarial attacks that minimize only the ground-truth confidence suffer from class drift: perturbations wander through the feature space without committing to a specific adversarial class, wasting queries on diffuse, undirected…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Florent Tariolle , Florian Yger
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