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Simulating user interactions enables a more user-oriented evaluation of information retrieval (IR) systems. While user simulations are cost-efficient and reproducible, many approaches often lack fidelity regarding real user behavior. Most…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-01-29 Björn Engelmann , Timo Breuer , Jana Isabelle Friese , Philipp Schaer , Norbert Fuhr

Recent advances in large pre-trained language models have demonstrated strong results in generating natural languages and significantly improved performances for many natural language generation (NLG) applications such as machine…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-09-27 Nanyun Peng

The task of event extraction has long been investigated in a supervised learning paradigm, which is bound by the number and the quality of the training instances. Existing training data must be manually generated through a combination of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-12-12 Ying Zeng , Yansong Feng , Rong Ma , Zheng Wang , Rui Yan , Chongde Shi , Dongyan Zhao

Few-shot learning with large-scale, pre-trained language models is a powerful way to answer questions about code, e.g., how to complete a given code example, or even generate code snippets from scratch. The success of these models raises…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-06-14 Patrick Bareiß , Beatriz Souza , Marcelo d'Amorim , Michael Pradel

Pre-trained language models have achieved promising success in code retrieval tasks, where a natural language documentation query is given to find the most relevant existing code snippet. However, existing models focus only on optimizing…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-12-22 Dong Li , Yelong Shen , Ruoming Jin , Yi Mao , Kuan Wang , Weizhu Chen

Large language models (LLMs) substantially enhance developer productivity in repository-level code generation through interactive collaboration. However, as interactions progress, repository context must be continuously preserved and…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-01-07 Peiding Wang , Li Zhang , Fang Liu , Chongyang Tao , Yinghao Zhu

This paper studied generating natural languages at particular contexts or situations. We proposed two novel approaches which encode the contexts into a continuous semantic representation and then decode the semantic representation into text…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-12-01 Jian Tang , Yifan Yang , Sam Carton , Ming Zhang , Qiaozhu Mei

Language models significantly benefit from context tokens, such as prompts or scratchpads. They perform better when prompted with informative instructions, and they acquire new reasoning capabilities by generating a scratch-pad before…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-03 Charlie Snell , Dan Klein , Ruiqi Zhong

Pre-trained large language models have demonstrated a strong ability to learn from context, known as in-context learning (ICL). Despite a surge of recent applications that leverage such capabilities, it is by no means clear, at least…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Bingqing Song , Jiaxiang Li , Rong Wang , Songtao Lu , Mingyi Hong

The availability of large-scale datasets, advanced architectures, and powerful computational resources have led to effective code models that automate diverse software engineering activities. The datasets usually consist of billions of…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-01-15 Zhou Yang , Zhipeng Zhao , Chenyu Wang , Jieke Shi , Dongsun Kim , DongGyun Han , David Lo

The immense evolution in Large Language Models (LLMs) has underscored the importance of massive, heterogeneous, and high-quality data. A data recipe is a mixture of data from different sources for training LLMs, which plays a vital role in…

The primary way of building AI applications is shifting from training specialist models to prompting generalist models. A common practice for prompting generalist models, often referred to as in-context learning, is to append a few examples…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-19 Wangchunshu Zhou , Yuchen Eleanor Jiang , Ryan Cotterell , Mrinmaya Sachan

Life sciences research depends heavily on open-source academic software, yet many tools remain underused due to practical barriers. These include installation requirements that hinder adoption and limited developer resources for software…

Machine learning models that take computer program source code as input typically use Natural Language Processing (NLP) techniques. However, a major challenge is that code is written using an open, rapidly changing vocabulary due to, e.g.,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-05-21 Milan Cvitkovic , Badal Singh , Anima Anandkumar

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in code generation tasks. However, their effectiveness heavily relies on supervised training with extensive labeled (e.g., question-answering pairs) or unlabeled…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-22 Jiajun Wu , Jian Yang , Wei Zhang , Lin Jing , Yuqing Ma , Ensheng Shi , Yuchi Ma , Zhoujun Li , Xianglong Liu

Code completion aims at speeding up code writing by recommending to developers the next tokens they are likely to type. Deep Learning (DL) models pushed the boundaries of code completion by redefining what these coding assistants can do: We…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-01-10 Matteo Ciniselli , Luca Pascarella , Gabriele Bavota

Large language models (LLMs) struggle to consistently generate UI code that compiles and produces visually relevant designs. Existing approaches to improve generation rely on expensive human feedback or distilling a proprietary model. In…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-13 Jason Wu , Eldon Schoop , Alan Leung , Titus Barik , Jeffrey P. Bigham , Jeffrey Nichols

Large language models generate fluent texts and can follow natural language instructions to solve a wide range of tasks without task-specific training. Nevertheless, it is notoriously difficult to control their generation to satisfy the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-09 Wangchunshu Zhou , Yuchen Eleanor Jiang , Ethan Wilcox , Ryan Cotterell , Mrinmaya Sachan

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown remarkable capabilities in code generation tasks, yet they face significant limitations in handling complex, long-context programming challenges and demonstrating complex compositional reasoning…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-01-14 Amr Almorsi , Mohanned Ahmed , Walid Gomaa

Source Code Summarization is the task of writing short, natural language descriptions of source code. The main use for these descriptions is in software documentation e.g. the one-sentence Java method descriptions in JavaDocs. Code…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-04-05 Alexander LeClair , Collin McMillan