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Hardware security has been a key concern in modern information technologies. Especially, as the number of Internet-of-Things (IoT) devices grows rapidly, to protect the device security with low-cost security primitives becomes essential,…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2022-09-01 Xinrui Guo , Xiaoyang Ma , Franz Muller , Kai Ni , Thomas Kampfe , Yongpan Liu , Vijaykrishnan Narayanan , Xueqing Li

Counterfeit products pose significant risks to public health and safety through infiltrating untrusted supply chains. Among numerous anti-counterfeiting techniques, leveraging inherent, unclonable microscopic irregularities of paper…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-12-11 Anirudh Nakra , Nayeeb Rashid , Chau-Wai Wong , Min Wu

Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) enable physical tamper protection for high-assurance devices without needing a continuous power supply that is active over the entire lifetime of the device. Several methods for PUF-based tamper…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-02-06 Georg Maringer , Matthias Hiller

We present a practical and highly secure method for the authentication of chips based on a new concept for implementing strong Physical Unclonable Function (PUF) on field programmable gate arrays (FPGA). Its qualitatively novel feature is a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2016-10-14 Alexander Spenke , Ralph Breithaupt , Rainer Plaga

Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) serve as lightweight, hardware-intrinsic entropy sources widely deployed in IoT security applications. However, delay-based PUFs are vulnerable to Machine Learning Attacks (MLAs), undermining their…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-09 Hongming Fei , Zilong Hu , Prosanta Gope , Biplab Sikdar

We present a comprehensive investigation into the complexity of a new private key storage apparatus: a novel silicon photonic physical unclonable function (PUF) based on ultrafast nonlinear optical interactions in a chaotic silicon…

Encryption techniques demonstrate a great deal of security when implemented in an optical system (such as holography) due to the inherent physical properties of light and the precision it demands. However, such systems have shown to be…

This paper provides a proof of concept for using SRAM based Physically Unclonable Functions (PUFs) to generate private keys for IoT devices. PUFs are utilized, as there is inadequate protection for secret keys stored in the memory of the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-07-30 Ashwija Reddy Korenda , Fatemeh Afghah , Bertrand Cambou , Christopher Philabaum

Unpredictable functions (UPFs) play essential roles in classical cryptography, including message authentication codes (MACs) and digital signatures. In this paper, we introduce a quantum analog of UPFs, which we call unpredictable state…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-27 Tomoyuki Morimae , Shogo Yamada , Takashi Yamakawa

Nowadays, due to the growing phenomenon of forgery in many fields, the interest in developing new anti-counterfeiting device and cryptography keys, based on the Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) paradigm, is widely increased. PUFs are…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-06 Giuseppe Emanuele Lio , Mauro Daniel Luigi Bruno , Francesco Riboli , Sara Nocentini , Antonio Ferraro

Security is of critical importance for the Internet of Things (IoT). Many IoT devices are resource-constrained, calling for lightweight security protocols. Physical unclonable functions (PUFs) leverage integrated circuits' variations to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-03-25 Yu Zhuang , Khalid T. Mursi , Li Gaoxiang

This paper, for the first time, addresses the questions related to the connections between the quantum pseudorandomness and quantum hardware assumptions, specifically quantum physical unclonable functions (qPUFs). Our results show that the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-03-31 Mina Doosti , Niraj Kumar , Elham Kashefi , Kaushik Chakraborty

Physical Unclonable Functions can be used for secure key generation in cryptographic applications. It is explained how methods from coding theory must be applied in order to ensure reliable key regeneration. Based on previous work, we show…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2014-07-31 Sven Müelich , Sven Puchinger , Martin Bossert , Matthias Hiller , Georg Sigl

The impossibility of creating perfect identical copies of unknown quantum systems is a fundamental concept in quantum theory and one of the main non-classical properties of quantum information. This limitation imposed by quantum mechanics,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-11-01 Mina Doosti

Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) have emerged as a promising solution to identify and authenticate Integrated Circuits (ICs). In this paper, we propose a novel NAND-based Set-Reset (SR) Flip-flop (FF) PUF design for security enclosures…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-09-17 Rohith Prasad Challa , Sheikh Ariful Islam , Srinivas Katkoori

We propose a strong physical unclonable function (PUF) provably secure against machine learning (ML) attacks with both classical and quantum computers. Its security is derived from cryptographic hardness of learning decryption functions of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-06-18 Ye Wang , Xiaodan Xi , Michael Orshansky

In this thesis, several linear and non-linear machine learning attacks on optical physical unclonable functions (PUFs) are presented. To this end, a simulation of such a PUF is implemented to generate a variety of datasets that differ in…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-01-09 Michael Lachner

Hardware-based security primitives have become critical to enhancing information security in the Internet of Things (IoT) era. Physical unclonable functions (PUFs) utilize the inherent variations in the manufacturing process to generate…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-26 Min Wang , Chuanpeng Jiang , Zhaohao Wang , Zhengyi Hou , Zhongkui Zhang , Yuanfu Zhao , Hongxi Liu , Weisheng Zhao

The concept of Secret Unknown Ciphers (SUCs) was introduced a decade ago as a new visionary concept without devising practical real-world examples. The major contribution of this work is to show the feasibility of "self-mutating" unknown…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-08-13 Ayoub Mars , Wael Adi

Boson sampling is a problem for which quantum devices could prove to go beyond classical computing using only linear optics and photon preparation and counting. While theoretically important, there is a lack of practical applications for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-12-09 Juan Carlos Garcia-Escartin