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Let $G$ be a graph of maximum degree $\Delta$ and $k$ be an integer. The $k$-recolouring graph of $G$ is the graph whose vertices are $k$-colourings of $G$ and where two $k$-colourings are adjacent if they differ at exactly one vertex. It…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-12-03 Marthe Bonamy , Nicolas Bousquet , Guillem Perarnau

The problem of coloring the edges of an $n$-node graph of maximum degree $\Delta$ with $2\Delta - 1$ colors is one of the key symmetry breaking problems in the area of distributed graph algorithms. While there has been a lot of progress…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2020-02-26 Alkida Balliu , Fabian Kuhn , Dennis Olivetti

Given a graph $G$ with $n$ vertices and maximum degree $\Delta$, it is known that $G$ admits a vertex coloring with $\Delta + 1$ colors such that no edge of $G$ is monochromatic. This can be seen constructively by a simple greedy algorithm,…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-02-16 Jackson Morris , Fang Song

Vizing's theorem states that any $n$-vertex $m$-edge graph of maximum degree $\Delta$ can be edge colored using at most $\Delta + 1$ different colors. Vizing's original proof is easily translated into a deterministic $O(mn)$ time algorithm.…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-10-20 Sepehr Assadi , Soheil Behnezhad , Sayan Bhattacharya , Martín Costa , Shay Solomon , Tianyi Zhang

Reed [J.~Comb.~Theory B, 1999] showed that graphs of maximum degree $\Delta \geq 10^{14}$ without $\Delta$-cliques are $(\Delta-1)$-colorable. We design a one-pass semi-streaming algorithm for computing such a coloring. Additionally, we…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Maxime Flin , Magnús M. Halldórsson

Vizing's celebrated theorem asserts that any graph of maximum degree $\Delta$ admits an edge coloring using at most $\Delta+1$ colors. In contrast, Bar-Noy, Naor and Motwani showed over a quarter century that the trivial greedy algorithm,…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2019-04-22 Ilan Reuven Cohen , Binghui Peng , David Wajc

We present a novel algorithm for edge-coloring of multigraphs. The correctness of this algorithm for multigraphs with $\chi' > \Delta +1$ ($\chi'$ is the chromatic edge number and $\Delta$ is the maximum vertex degree) would prove a long…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-06-15 Mark K. Goldberg

A streaming algorithm is considered to be adversarially robust if it provides correct outputs with high probability even when the stream updates are chosen by an adversary who may observe and react to the past outputs of the algorithm. We…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-09-24 Amit Chakrabarti , Prantar Ghosh , Manuel Stoeckl

We present a deterministic distributed algorithm, in the LOCAL model, that computes a $(1+o(1))\Delta$-edge-coloring in polylogarithmic-time, so long as the maximum degree $\Delta=\tilde{\Omega}(\log n)$. For smaller $\Delta$, we give a…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2017-11-16 Mohsen Ghaffari , Fabian Kuhn , Yannic Maus , Jara Uitto

In this paper we present a deterministic CONGEST algorithm to compute an $O(k\Delta)$-vertex coloring in $O(\Delta/k)+\log^* n$ rounds, where $\Delta$ is the maximum degree of the network graph and $1\leq k\leq O(\Delta)$ can be freely…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-02-28 Yannic Maus

Let $\epsilon \in (0, 1)$ and $n, \Delta \in \mathbb N$ be such that $\Delta = \Omega\left(\max\left\{\frac{\log n}{\epsilon},\, \left(\frac{1}{\epsilon}\log \frac{1}{\epsilon}\right)^2\right\}\right)$. Given an $n$-vertex $m$-edge simple…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-02-14 Abhishek Dhawan

The $\Delta$-vertex coloring problem has become one of the prototypical problems for understanding the complexity of local distributed graph problems on constant-degree graphs. The major open problem is whether the problem can be solved…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Manuel Jakob , Yannic Maus

We solve, in a fully decentralised way (\ie with no message passing), the classic problem of colouring a graph. We propose a novel algorithm that is automatically responsive to topology changes, and we prove that it converges quickly to a…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2017-09-05 Alessandro Checco , Douglas J. Leith

We consider the distributed complexity of the (degree+1)-list coloring problem, in which each node $u$ of degree $d(u)$ is assigned a palette of $d(u)+1$ colors, and the goal is to find a proper coloring using these color palettes. The…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Sam Coy , Artur Czumaj , Peter Davies , Gopinath Mishra

This paper studies sufficient conditions to obtain efficient distributed algorithms coloring graphs optimally (i.e.\ with the minimum number of colors) in the LOCAL model of computation. Most of the work on distributed vertex coloring so…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-01-25 Étienne Bamas , Louis Esperet

We study the $(\Delta+1)$-edge-coloring problem in the parallel $\left(\mathrm{PRAM}\right)$ model of computation. The celebrated Vizing's theorem [Viz64] states that every simple graph $G = (V,E)$ can be properly $(\Delta+1)$-edge-colored.…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Michael Elkin , Ariel Khuzman

We show that for any fixed integer $m \geq 1$, a graph of maximum degree $\Delta$ has a coloring with $O(\Delta^{(m+1)/m})$ colors in which every connected bicolored subgraph contains at most $m$ edges. This result unifies previously known…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-09-28 Peter Bradshaw

This paper investigates the semi-streaming complexity of \textit{$k$-partial coloring}, a generalization of proper graph coloring. For $k \geq 1$, a $k$-partial coloring requires that each vertex $v$ in an $n$-node graph is assigned a color…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Avinandan Das

In this paper, we consider algorithms for edge-coloring multigraphs $G$ of bounded maximum degree, i.e., $\Delta(G) = O(1)$. Shannon's theorem states that any multigraph of maximum degree $\Delta$ can be properly edge-colored with…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-10-31 Abhishek Dhawan

Vizing's Theorem from 1964 states that any $n$-vertex $m$-edge graph with maximum degree $\Delta$ can be {\em edge colored} using at most $\Delta + 1$ colors. For over 40 years, the state-of-the-art running time for computing such a…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-10-17 Sayan Bhattacharya , Martín Costa , Shay Solomon , Tianyi Zhang