Related papers: Negative Absolute Temperatures
From a new rigorous formulation of the general axiomatic foundations of thermodynamics we derive an operational definition of entropy that responds to the emergent need in many technological frameworks to understand and deploy thermodynamic…
The third law of thermodynamics, also known as the Nernst unattainability principle, puts a fundamental bound on how close a system, whether classical or quantum, can be cooled to a temperature near to absolute zero. On the other hand, a…
Isothermal processes of a finitely extended, driven quantum system in contact with an infinite heat bath are studied from the point of view of quantum statistical mechanics. Notions like heat flux, work and entropy are defined for…
The measurability notion introduced previously in a quantum theory on the basis of a minimal length in this paper is defined in thermodynamics on the basis of a minimal inverse temperature. Based on this notion, some inferences are made for…
The thermodynamical properties of dark energy are usually investigated with the equation of state $\omega =\omega_{0}+\omega_{1}z$. Recent observations show that our universe is accelerating, and the apparent horizon and the event horizon…
The concept of effective temperatures in nonequilibrium systems is studied within an exactly solvable model of non-Markovian diffusion. The system is coupled to two heat baths which are kept at different temperatures: one ('fast') bath…
Various quantum thermodynamic bounds are shown to stem from a single tighter and more general inequality, consequence of the operator concavity of the logarithmic function. Such an inequality, which we call the "thermodynamic reverse…
In this article a definition of reversible processes in terms of differences in intensive Thermodynamics properties (Affinities) is proposed. This definition makes it possible to both define reversible processes before introducing the…
The second law of thermodynamics states that entropy production in macroscopic systems is non-negative, reaching zero only at thermodynamic equilibrium. As a corollary, this implies that the state trajectory of macroscopic systems is…
The third law of thermodynamics has been verified experimentally, but how to perfectly express such a law in theory has become a cross-century problematic issue. It is found from the recent researches that by introducing an innovative…
For students familiar with equilibrium statistical mechanics, the notion of a positive specific heat, being intimately related to the idea of stability, is both intuitively reasonable and mathematically provable. However, for system in…
We give a simple and intuitive proof that the only states which are completely passive, i.e. those states from which work cannot be extracted even with infinitely many copies, are Gibbs states at positive temperatures. The proof makes use…
'Relativistic thermodynamics' should be understood not as a generalization of a non-relativistic theory but as an application of a general thermodynamic framework, neutral as to spacetime setting and allowing arbitrary conserved quantities,…
We discuss thermodynamic properties of dark energy using the formalism of field theory at finite temperature. In particular, we apply our formalism to a purely kinetic type of k-essence. We show quite generally that the entropy associated…
In recent papers, several authors have claimed that a definition of the thermodynamic entropy in terms of the logarithm of a volume in phase space, originally suggested by Gibbs, is the only valid definition. Arguing from the Gibbs entropy,…
Some problems have been found as to the definition of entropy of black hole being applied to the extremal Kerr-Newman case, which has conflicts with the third law of thermodynamics. We have proposed a new modification for the near extremal…
Very recently, the validity of the concept of negative temperature has been challenged by several authors since they consider Boltzmann's entropy (that allows negative temperatures) inconsistent from a mathematical and statistical point of…
The sum of the average work dissipated plus the information gained during a thermodynamic process with discrete feedback must exceed zero. We demonstrate that the minimum value of zero is attained only by feedback-reversible processes that…
We discuss the thermodynamic properties of the Friedmann-Robertson-Walker universe with dark energy fluids labelled by $\omega=p/\rho<-1/3$. Using the integrability condition, we show that the phantom phase of $w<-1$ can still be…
The black hole singularity problem was proposed by Hawking and Penrose, and regular black holes serve as an important class of models to address this issue. However, the study of regular black hole thermodynamics has long faced a…