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Hardware intellectual property (IP) piracy is an emerging threat to the global supply chain. Correspondingly, various countermeasures aim to protect hardware IPs, such as logic locking, camouflaging, and split manufacturing. However, these…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-06-22 Zhaokun Han , Mohammed Shayan , Aneesh Dixit , Mustafa Shihab , Yiorgos Makris , Jeyavijayan Rajendran

Intellectual Property (IP) infringement including piracy and over production have emerged as significant threats in the semiconductor supply chain. Key based obfuscation techniques (i.e., logic locking) are widely applied to secure legacy…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-01-07 Sheikh Ariful Islam , Love Kumar Sah , Srinivas Katkoori

Commercial-off-the-shelf (COTS) components are often preferred over custom Integrated Circuits (ICs) to achieve reduced system development time and cost, easy adoption of new technologies, and replaceability. Unfortunately, the integration…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-02-16 Tanvir Hossain , Matthew Showers , Mahmudul Hasan , Tamzidul Hoque

The recent surge in hardware security is significant due to offshoring the proprietary Intellectual property (IP). One distinct dimension of the disruptive threat is malicious logic insertion, also known as Hardware Trojan (HT). HT subverts…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-12-24 Sheikh Ariful Islam , Farha Islam Mime , S M Asaduzzaman , Farzana Islam

With the exponential rise in the use of cloud services, smart devices, and IoT devices, advanced cyber attacks have become increasingly sophisticated and ubiquitous. Furthermore, the rapid evolution of computing architectures and memory…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-01-09 Jyotiprakash Mishra , Sanjay K. Sahay

Advances in reverse engineering make it challenging to deploy any on-chip information in a way that is hidden from a determined attacker. A variety of techniques have been proposed for design obfuscation including look-alike cells in which…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2017-10-26 Shahrzad Keshavarz , Daniel Holcomb

Security is an important facet of integrated circuit design for many applications. IP privacy and Trojan insertion are growing threats as circuit fabrication in advanced nodes almost inevitably relies on untrusted foundries. A proposed…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-05-21 Joseph Sweeney , Samuel Pagliarini , Lawrence Pileggi

Due to the globalization of semiconductor manufacturing and test processes, the system-on-a-chip (SoC) designers no longer design the complete SoC and manufacture chips on their own. This outsourcing of the design and manufacturing of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-12-14 Ayush Jain , Ziqi Zhou , Ujjwal Guin

The massive trend toward embedded systems introduces new security threats to prevent. Malicious firmware makes it easier to launch cyberattacks against embedded systems. Systems infected with malicious firmware maintain the appearance of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-01-18 Md Sadik Awal , Christopher Thompson , Md Tauhidur Rahman

Many fabless semiconductor companies outsource their designs to third-party fabrication houses. As trustworthiness of chain after outsourcing including fabrication houses is not established, any adversary in between, with malicious intent…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2022-01-25 Ramakrishna Vaikuntapu , Vineet Sahula , Lava Bhargava

Design and manufacturing of integrated circuits predominantly use a globally distributed semiconductor supply chain involving diverse entities. The modern semiconductor supply chain has been designed to boost production efficiency, but is…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-11-13 Tanzim Mahfuz , Swarup Bhunia , Prabuddha Chakraborty

Many cybersecurity attacks rely on analyzing a binary executable to find exploitable sections of code. Code obfuscation is used to prevent attackers from reverse engineering these executables. In this work, we focus on control flow…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-08-28 Novak Boskov , Mihailo Isakov , Michel A. Kinsy

The availability of wide-ranging third-party intellectual property (3PIP) cores enables integrated circuit (IC) designers to focus on designing high-level features in ASICs/SoCs. The massive proliferation of ICs brings with it an increased…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-07 Nikhil Muralidhar , Abdullah Zubair , Nathanael Weidler , Ryan Gerdes , Naren Ramakrishnan

With the rising popularity of machine learning and the ever increasing demand for computational power, there is a growing need for hardware optimized implementations of neural networks and other machine learning models. As the technology…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-06-18 Joseph Clements , Yingjie Lao

Obfuscation stands as a promising solution for safeguarding hardware intellectual property (IP) against a spectrum of threats including reverse engineering, IP piracy, and tampering. In this paper, we introduce Obfus-chat, a novel framework…

It is possible to attack a computer remotely through the front panel LEDs. Following on previous results that showed information leakage at optical wavelengths, now it seems practicable to inject information into a system as well. It is…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-07-02 Joe Loughry

The growing use of FPGAs in reconfigurable systems introducessecurity risks through malicious bitstreams that could cause denial-of-service (DoS), data leakage, or covert attacks. We investigated chip-level hardware malicious payload in…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Rye Stahle-Smith , Rasha Karakchi

With transistor scaling reaching its limits, interposer-based integration of dies (chiplets) is gaining traction. Such an interposer-based integration enables finer and tighter interconnect pitch than traditional system-on-packages and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-10-27 Mohammed Shayan , Kanad Basu , Ramesh Karri

The threat of hardware Trojans has been widely recognized by academia, industry, and government agencies. A Trojan can compromise security of a system in spite of cryptographic protection. The damage caused by a Trojan may not be limited to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2015-11-25 Elena Dubrova , Mats Näslund , Gunnar Carlsson , John Fornehed , Ben Smeets

Integrated circuit (IC) camouflaging is a promising technique to protect the design of a chip from reverse engineering. However, recent work has shown that even camouflaged ICs can be reverse engineered from the observed input/output…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2017-10-31 Mohamed El Massad , Siddharth Garg , Mahesh Tripunitara