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ESO's two FOcal Reducer and low dispersion Spectrographs (FORS) are the primary optical imaging instruments for the VLT. They are not direct-imaging instruments, as there are several optical elements in the light path. In particular, both…
Quantum imaging with spatially entangled photons offers advantages such as enhanced spatial resolution, robustness against noise, and counter-intuitive phenomena, while a biphoton spatial aberration generally degrades its performance.…
Compared to standard tomographic reconstruction, iterative approaches offer the possibility to account for extraneous experimental influences, which allows for a suppression of related artifacts. However, the inclusion of corresponding…
The translation of an early (1957), Russian article on the development of x-ray computed tomography is provided. The article demonstrates a principle possibility of determining the local attenuation coefficient in every element of a…
Imaging at hard X-ray energies (~10-600 keV) over very large fields of view (~60 deg per telescope) is required to conduct a high sensitivity all-sky and all-time survey for black holes. The proposed Energetic X-ray Imaging Survey Telescope…
Photothermal-Induced Resonance (PTIR) is increasingly used in the measurement of infrared absorption spectra of sub-micrometer objects. The technique measures IR absorption spectra by relying on the photothermal effect induced by a rapid…
The dark-field signal uncovers details beyond conventional X-ray attenuation contrast, which is especially valuable for material sciences. In particular, dark-field techniques are able to reveal structures beyond the spatial resolution of a…
In the present paper we consider quantitative estimation of the tolerances widening in optical systems with curved detectors. The gain in image quality allows to loosen the margins for manufacturing and assembling errors. On another hand,…
The MARS scanner is designed for the x-ray spectroscopic study of samples with the aid of computer tomography methods. Computer tomography allows the reconstruction of slices of an investigated sample using a set of shadow projections…
The development of Hybrid CMOS Detectors (HCDs) for X-Ray telescope focal planes will place them in con- tention with CCDs on future satellite missions due to their faster frame rates, flexible readout scenarios, lower power consumption,…
Telluric correction of spectroscopic observations is either performed via standard stars that are observed close in time and airmass along with the science target, or recently growing in importance, by theoretical telluric absorption…
The advanced imaging and delivery techniques in proton therapy allow conformal high-dose irradiation of the target volume with high accuracy using pencil beam scanning or beam shaping apertures. These irradiation methods increasingly…
Compressed sensing theory is slowly making its way to solve more and more astronomical inverse problems. We address here the application of sparse representations, convex optimization and proximal theory to radio interferometric imaging.…
A solution to the inversion problem of scattering would offer aberration-free diffraction-limited 3D images without the resolution and depth-of-field limitations of lens-based tomographic systems. Powerful algorithms are increasingly being…
High-resolution x-ray microscopy requires a high photon flux to measure the signal from weakly scattering samples. This exposes samples to high radiation doses, potentially damaging or destroying them through radiation damage. In this work,…
Pixelated silicon detectors are state-of-the-art technology to achieve precise tracking and vertexing at collider experiments, designed to accurately measure the hit position of incoming particles in high rate and radiation environments.…
Near-field (NF) passive radar imaging depends on the illumination of the imaging scene by a non-cooperative transmitter (Tx). It is demonstrated that combining imaging results obtained with Tx antennas at different positions can enhance the…
Microwave imaging is commonly based on the solution of linearized inverse scattering problems by matched filtering algorithms, i.e., by applying the adjoint of the forward scattering operator to the observation data. A more rigorous…
Coherent diffractive imaging is unique as the only route for achieving diffraction-limited spatial resolution in the extreme ultraviolet and X-ray regions, limited only by the wavelength of the light. Recently, advances in coherent short…
Ghost imaging, Fourier transform spectroscopy, and the newly developed Hadamard transform crystallography are all examples of multiplexing measurement strategies. Multiplexed experiments are performed by measuring multiple points in space,…