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Automated Program Repair (APR) proposes bug fixes to aid developers in maintaining software. The state of the art in this domain focuses on LLMs, leveraging their strong capabilities to comprehend specifications in natural language and to…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-02-23 Viola Campos , Ridwan Shariffdeen , Adrian Ulges , Yannic Noller

In the past decade, research on test-suite-based automatic program repair has grown significantly. Each year, new approaches and implementations are featured in major software engineering venues. However, most of those approaches are…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2019-05-29 Thomas Durieux , Fernanda Madeiral , Matias Martinez , Rui Abreu

Fault Localization (FL) aims to automatically localize buggy lines of code, a key first step in many manual and automatic debugging tasks. Previous FL techniques assume the provision of input tests, and often require extensive program…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-10-04 Aidan Z. H. Yang , Ruben Martins , Claire Le Goues , Vincent J. Hellendoorn

Test-based automated program repair has been a prolific field of research in software engineering in the last decade. Many approaches have indeed been proposed, which leverage test suites as a weak, but affordable, approximation to program…

Fault Localization (FL) is an essential step during the debugging process. With the strong capabilities of code comprehension, the recent Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated promising performance in diagnosing bugs in the code.…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Yihao Qin , Shangwen Wang , Yiling Lou , Jinhao Dong , Kaixin Wang , Xiaoling Li , Xiaoguang Mao

Fault localization is a critical process that involves identifying specific program elements responsible for program failures. Manually pinpointing these elements, such as classes, methods, or statements, which are associated with a fault…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-03-18 Ratnadira Widyasari , Jia Wei Ang , Truong Giang Nguyen , Neil Sharma , David Lo

Large language models (LLMs) have achieved decent results on automated program repair (APR). However, the next token prediction training objective of decoder-only LLMs (e.g., GPT-4) is misaligned with the masked span prediction objective of…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-02-24 Junjielong Xu , Ying Fu , Shin Hwei Tan , Pinjia He

This paper describes AutoFix, an automatic debugging technique that can fix faults in general-purpose software. To provide high-quality fix suggestions and to enable automation of the whole debugging process, AutoFix relies on the presence…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2014-05-22 Yu Pei , Carlo A. Furia , Martin Nordio , Yi Wei , Bertrand Meyer , Andreas Zeller

Among areas of software engineering where AI techniques -- particularly, Large Language Models -- seem poised to yield dramatic improvements, an attractive candidate is Automatic Program Repair (APR), the production of satisfactory…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Li Huang , Ilgiz Mustafin , Marco Piccioni , Alessandro Schena , Reto Weber , Bertrand Meyer

Fault localization is one of the most time-consuming and error-prone parts of software debugging. There are several tools for helping developers in the fault localization process, however, they mostly target programs written in Java and…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-08-30 Qusay Idrees Sarhan , Attila Szatmari , Rajmond Toth , Arpad Beszedes

Numerous Fault Localisation (FL) and repair techniques have been proposed to address faults in Deep Learning (DL) models. However, their effectiveness in practical applications remains uncertain due to the reliance on pre-defined rules.…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-06-05 Jinhan Kim , Nargiz Humbatova , Gunel Jahangirova , Shin Yoo , Paolo Tonella

Despite being one of the most basic tasks in software development, debugging is still performed in a mostly manual way, leading to high cost and low performance. To address this problem, researchers have studied promising approaches, such…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2017-11-28 Higor A. de Souza , Marcos L. Chaim , Fabio Kon

Due to its potential to improve programmer productivity and software quality, automated program repair has been an active topic of research. Newer techniques harness neural networks to learn directly from examples of buggy programs and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-04-04 Marko Vasic , Aditya Kanade , Petros Maniatis , David Bieber , Rishabh Singh

Automated Program Repair (APR) techniques typically exploit spectrum-based fault localization (SBFL) to identify the program locations that should be patched, making the effectiveness of APR techniques dependent on the effectiveness of…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-01-04 Davide Ginelli , Oliviero Riganelli , Daniela Micucci , Leonardo Mariani

Large language models (LLMs) have shown impressive effectiveness in various software engineering tasks, including automated program repair (APR). In this study, we take a deep dive into automated bug fixing utilizing LLMs. In contrast to…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-05-13 Soneya Binta Hossain , Nan Jiang , Qiang Zhou , Xiaopeng Li , Wen-Hao Chiang , Yingjun Lyu , Hoan Nguyen , Omer Tripp

Automated Program Repair (APR) has benefited from the code understanding and generation capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs). Existing feedback-based APR methods iteratively refine candidate patches using test execution feedback and…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Linhao Wu , Yifei Pei , Zhen Yang , Kainan Li , Zhonghang Lu , Hao Tan , Xiran Lyu , Jia Li , Yizhou Chen , Pengyu Xue , Kunwu Zheng , Dan Hao

Fuzz testing (fuzzing) is a well-known method for exposing bugs/vulnerabilities in software systems. Popular fuzzers, such as AFL, use a biased random search over the domain of program inputs, where 100s or 1000s of inputs (test cases) are…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-08-02 Yuntong Zhang , Ridwan Shariffdeen , Gregory J. Duck , Jiaqi Tan , Abhik Roychoudhury

Ensuring code correctness remains a challenging problem even as large language models (LLMs) become increasingly capable at code-related tasks. While LLM-based program repair systems can propose bug fixes using only a user's bug report,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-02-21 Adam Stein , Arthur Wayne , Aaditya Naik , Mayur Naik , Eric Wong

Today, software systems have a significant role in various domains among which are healthcare, entertainment, transport and logistics, and many more. It is only natural that with this increasing dependency on software, the number of…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-12-23 Filip Zamfirov

Fault localization is a process to find the location of faults. It determines the root cause of the failure. It identifies the causes of abnormal behaviour of a faulty program. It identifies exactly where the bugs are. Existing fault…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2012-01-20 A. Askarunisa , T. Manju , B. Giri Babu