Related papers: Coded Merkle Tree: Solving Data Availability Attac…
In emerging applications such as blockchains and collaborative data analytics, there are strong demands for data immutability, multi-version accesses, and tamper-evident controls. This leads to three new index structures for immutable data,…
This paper proposes a decentralized, blockchain-based system for the publication of Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures (CVEs), aiming to mitigate the limitations of the current centralized model primarily overseen by MITRE. The proposed…
This article aims to study intrusion attacks and then develop a novel cyberattack detection framework to detect cyberattacks at the network layer (e.g., Brute Password and Flooding of Transactions) of blockchain networks. Specifically, we…
Proof of work blockchain protocols using multiple hash types are considered. It is proven that the security region of such a protocol cannot be the AND of a 51\% attack on all the hash types. Nevertheless, a protocol called Merged Bitcoin…
The most fundamental purpose of blockchain technology is to enable persistent, consistent, distributed storage of information. Increasingly common are authentication systems that leverage this property to allow users to carry their personal…
It is interesting but difficult and challenging to study Ethereum with multiple mining pools. One of the main difficulties comes from not only how to represent such a general tree with multiple block branches (or sub-chains) related to the…
Non-Volatile Memories (NVMs) have attracted the attentions of academia and industry, which is expected to become the next-generation memory. However, due to the nonvolatile property, NVMs become vulnerable to attacks and require security…
In conventional PKI, CAs are assumed to be fully trusted. However, in practice, CAs' absolute responsibility for providing trustworthiness caused major security and privacy issues. To prevent such issues, Google introduced the concept of…
Light clients, also known as Simple Payment Verification (SPV) clients, are nodes which only download a small portion of the data in a blockchain, and use indirect means to verify that a given chain is valid. Typically, instead of…
The development of machine learning algorithms in the cyber security domain has been impeded by the complex, hierarchical, sequential and multimodal nature of the data involved. In this paper we introduce the notion of a streaming tree as a…
In this paper we propose a double-linked blockchain data structure that greatly improves blockchain performance and guarantees single chain with no forks. Additionally, with the proposed proof-of-refundable-tax (PoRT) consensus algorithm,…
We define secure operations with tree-formed, protected verification data registers. Functionality is conceptually added to Trusted Platform Modules (TPMs) to handle Platform Configuration Registers (PCRs) which represent roots of hash…
Critical infrastructure systems - for which high reliability and availability are paramount - must operate securely. Attack trees (ATs) are hierarchical diagrams that offer a flexible modelling language used to assess how systems can be…
ASBK (named after the authors' initials) is a recent blockchain protocol tackling data availability attacks against light nodes, employing two-dimensional Reed-Solomon codes to encode the list of transactions and a random sampling phase…
Block-encoding is a critical subroutine in quantum computing, enabling the transformation of classical data into a matrix representation within a quantum circuit. The resource trade-offs in simulating a block-encoding can be quantified by…
The Ethereum state database uses Merkle Patricia Trie (MPT), which suffers from large witness proof sizes and high storage overhead. Verkle Tries have been proposed as a replacement, offering witness proofs below 150 bytes through vector…
Every day, millions of credit cards are swiped and transactions are carried out across the world. Due to numerous forms of unethical digital activities, users are vulnerable to credit card fraud, phishing, identity theft, etc. This paper…
Distributed Ledger Technology (DLT) is a shared, synchronized and replicated data spread spatially and temporally with no centralized administration and/or storage. Each node has a complete and identical set of records. All participants…
The Block Tree (BT) is a novel compact data structure designed to compress sequence collections. It obtains compression ratios close to Lempel-Ziv and supports efficient direct access to any substring. The BT divides the text recursively…
In resource-constrained IoT networks, the use of conventional message authentication codes (MACs) to provide message authentication and integrity is not possible due to the large size of the MAC output. A straightforward yet naive solution…