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We describe an approach to predict open-vocabulary 3D semantic voxel occupancy map from input 2D images with the objective of enabling 3D grounding, segmentation and retrieval of free-form language queries. This is a challenging problem…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-18 Antonin Vobecky , Oriane Siméoni , David Hurych , Spyros Gidaris , Andrei Bursuc , Patrick Pérez , Josef Sivic

As part of human core knowledge, the representation of objects is the building block of mental representation that supports high-level concepts and symbolic reasoning. While humans develop the ability of perceiving objects situated in 3D…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-07 John Day , Tushar Arora , Jirui Liu , Li Erran Li , Ming Bo Cai

Visual spatial description (VSD) aims to generate texts that describe the spatial relations of the given objects within images. Existing VSD work merely models the 2D geometrical vision features, thus inevitably falling prey to the problem…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-26 Yu Zhao , Hao Fei , Wei Ji , Jianguo Wei , Meishan Zhang , Min Zhang , Tat-Seng Chua

For humans, visual understanding is inherently generative: given a 3D shape, we can postulate how it would look in the world; given a 2D image, we can infer the 3D structure that likely gave rise to it. We can thus translate between the 2D…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-11-17 Tristan Aumentado-Armstrong , Alex Levinshtein , Stavros Tsogkas , Konstantinos G. Derpanis , Allan D. Jepson

Recent advances in leveraging large-scale Internet photo collections for 3D reconstruction have enabled immersive virtual exploration of landmarks and historic sites worldwide. However, little attention has been given to the immersive…

Graphics · Computer Science 2025-08-06 Yuze Wang , Yue Qi

3D visual grounding (3DVG) is a critical task in scene understanding that aims to identify objects in 3D scenes based on text descriptions. However, existing methods rely on separately pre-trained vision and text encoders, resulting in a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-18 Yinuo Zheng , Lipeng Gu , Honghua Chen , Liangliang Nan , Mingqiang Wei

Our understanding of the visual world is centered around various concept axes, characterizing different aspects of visual entities. While different concept axes can be easily specified by language, e.g. color, the exact visual nuances along…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-04 Sharon Lee , Yunzhi Zhang , Shangzhe Wu , Jiajun Wu

The development of 3D medical vision-language models holds significant potential for disease diagnosis and patient treatment. However, compared to 2D medical images, 3D medical images, such as CT scans, face challenges related to limited…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-10-21 Haoran Lai , Zihang Jiang , Qingsong Yao , Rongsheng Wang , Zhiyang He , Xiaodong Tao , Wei Wei , Weifu Lv , S. Kevin Zhou

The ability to interpret and comprehend a 3D scene is essential for many vision and robotics systems. In numerous applications, this involves 3D object detection, i.e.~identifying the location and dimensions of objects belonging to a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-22 Olivier Moliner , Viktor Larsson , Kalle Åström

Despite significant progress in multimodal language models (LMs), it remains unclear whether visual grounding enhances their understanding of embodied knowledge compared to text-only models. To address this question, we propose a novel…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Zhihui Yang , Yupei Wang , Kaijie Mo , Zhe Zhao , Renfen Hu

Abstract semantic 3D scene understanding is a problem of critical importance in robotics. As robots still lack the common-sense knowledge about household objects and locations of an average human, we investigate the use of pre-trained…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-11-09 William Chen , Siyi Hu , Rajat Talak , Luca Carlone

Recent advancements in 3D reconstruction methods and vision-language models have propelled the development of multi-modal 3D scene understanding, which has vital applications in robotics, autonomous driving, and virtual/augmented reality.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-06 Qucheng Peng , Benjamin Planche , Zhongpai Gao , Meng Zheng , Anwesa Choudhuri , Terrence Chen , Chen Chen , Ziyan Wu

Referential grounding in outdoor driving scenes is challenging due to large scene variability, many visually similar objects, and dynamic elements that complicate resolving natural-language references (e.g., "the black car on the right").…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Pranav Saxena , Avigyan Bhattacharya , Ji Zhang , Wenshan Wang

What is a good vector representation of an object? We believe that it should be generative in 3D, in the sense that it can produce new 3D objects; as well as be predictable from 2D, in the sense that it can be perceived from 2D images. We…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-09-01 Rohit Girdhar , David F. Fouhey , Mikel Rodriguez , Abhinav Gupta

Language is an interface to the outside world. In order for embodied agents to use it, language must be grounded in other, sensorimotor modalities. While there is an extended literature studying how machines can learn grounded language, the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-10-12 Tristan Karch , Laetitia Teodorescu , Katja Hofmann , Clément Moulin-Frier , Pierre-Yves Oudeyer

In order for robots to operate effectively in homes and workplaces, they must be able to manipulate the articulated objects common within environments built for and by humans. Previous work learns kinematic models that prescribe this…

Robotics · Computer Science 2016-07-04 Zhengyang Wu , Mohit Bansal , Matthew R. Walter

Representing and understanding 3D environments in a structured manner is crucial for autonomous agents to navigate and reason about their surroundings. While traditional Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) methods generate metric…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Albert Gassol Puigjaner , Angelos Zacharia , Kostas Alexis

Embeddings are an important tool for the representation of word meaning. Their effectiveness rests on the distributional hypothesis: words that occur in the same context carry similar semantic information. Here, we adapt this approach to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-09-22 Matthias S. Treder , Juan Mayor-Torres , Christoph Teufel

The goal of this work is to replace objects in an RGB-D scene with corresponding 3D models from a library. We approach this problem by first detecting and segmenting object instances in the scene using the approach from Gupta et al. [13].…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2015-02-17 Saurabh Gupta , Pablo Arbeláez , Ross Girshick , Jitendra Malik

Novel view synthesis has seen significant advancements with 3D Gaussian Splatting (3DGS), enabling real-time photorealistic rendering. However, the inherent fuzziness of Gaussian Splatting presents challenges for 3D scene understanding,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-17 Abdalla Arafa , Didier Stricker