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We show how local constraints can globally "shatter" Hilbert space into subsectors, leading to an unexpected dynamics with features reminiscent of both many body localization and quantum scars. A crisp example of this phenomenon is provided…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2020-05-20 Vedika Khemani , Rahul Nandkishore

We discuss quantum dynamics in the transverse field Ising model in two spatial dimensions. We show that, up to a prethermal timescale, which we quantify, the Hilbert space 'shatters' into dynamically disconnected subsectors. We identify…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2022-12-23 Oliver Hart , Rahul Nandkishore

Quantum kinetically constrained models have recently attracted significant attention due to their anomalous dynamics and thermalization. In this work, we introduce a hitherto unexplored family of kinetically constrained models featuring a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-09-20 Pietro Brighi , Marko Ljubotina , Maksym Serbyn

Investigating many-body localization (MBL) using exact numerical methods is limited by the exponentialgrowth of the Hilbert space. However, localized eigenstates display multifractality and only extend over a vanishing fraction of the…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2022-01-13 Francesca Pietracaprina , Nicolas Laflorencie

We show that the combination of charge and dipole conservation---characteristic of fracton systems---leads to an extensive fragmentation of the Hilbert space, which in turn can lead to a breakdown of thermalization. As a concrete example,…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2020-03-13 Pablo Sala , Tibor Rakovszky , Ruben Verresen , Michael Knap , Frank Pollmann

We study the dynamics of an interacting quantum spin chain under the application of a linearly increasing field. This model exhibits a type of localization known as Stark many-body localization. The dynamics shows a strong dependence on the…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2021-03-10 Elmer V. H. Doggen , Igor V. Gornyi , Dmitry G. Polyakov

In quantum many-body systems with kinetically constrained dynamics, the Hilbert space can split into exponentially many disconnected subsectors, a phenomenon known as Hilbert-space fragmentation. We study the interplay of such fragmentation…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-09 Thomas Iadecola

Emerging dynamical constraints resulting from inter-site interactions severely limit particle mobility in polar lattice gases. Whereas in absence of disorder hard-core Hubbard models with only strong nearest-neighbor interactions present…

Quantum Gases · Physics 2021-12-21 Wei-Han Li , Xiaolong Deng , Luis Santos

Lattice gauge theories (LGTs) provide a framework for describing dynamical systems ranging from nuclei to materials. LGTs that host concatenated conservation laws can exhibit Hilbert space fragmentation, where each subspace may be labeled…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-24 Prithvi Raj Datla , Luheng Zhao , Wen Wei Ho , Natalie Klco , Huanqian Loh

Hilbert space fragmentation, as it is currently investigated, primarily originates from specific kinematic constraints or emergent conservation laws in many-body systems with translation invariance. It leads to non-ergodic dynamics and…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2025-10-23 Ishita Modak , Rajesh Narayanan , Ferdinand Evers , Soumya Bera

The eigenstate thermalization hypothesis describes how isolated many-body quantum systems reach thermal equilibrium. However, quantum many-body scars and Hilbert space fragmentation violate this hypothesis and cause nonthermal behavior. We…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2024-08-06 Pieter H. Harkema , Michael Iversen , Anne E. B. Nielsen

The relaxation behaviour of isolated quantum systems taken out of equilibrium is among the most intriguing questions in many-body physics. Quantum systems out of equilibrium typically relax to thermal equilibrium states by scrambling local…

Hilbert space fragmentation provides a mechanism to break ergodicity in closed many-body systems. Here, we propose a feasible scheme to explore this exotic paradigm on a Rydberg quantum simulator. We show that the Rydberg Ising model in the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-28 Fan Yang , Hadi Yarloo , Hua-Chen Zhang , Klaus Mølmer , Anne E. B. Nielsen

In this work, based on the Fredkin spin chain, we introduce a family of spin-$1/2$ many-body Hamiltonians with a three-site interaction featuring a fragmented Hilbert space with coexisting quantum many-body scars. The fragmentation results…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2021-08-24 Christopher M. Langlett , Shenglong Xu

The enforcement of global energy conservation in phase-field fracture simulations has been an open problem for the last 25 years. Specifically, the occurrence of unstable fracture is accompanied by a loss in total potential energy, which…

Materials Science · Physics 2026-01-01 Juan Michael Sargado , Joachim Mathiesen

We present a new route to ergodicity breaking via Hilbert space fragmentation that displays an unprecedented level of robustness. Our construction relies on a single emergent (prethermal) conservation law. In the limit when the conservation…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2024-01-24 David T. Stephen , Oliver Hart , Rahul M. Nandkishore

One-dimensional fracton systems can exhibit perfect localization, failing to reach thermal equilibrium under arbitrary local unitary time evolution. We investigate how this nonergodic behavior manifests in the dynamics of a driven fracton…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2019-09-25 Shriya Pai , Michael Pretko

We propose the strongly tilted Bose-Hubbard model as a natural platform to explore Hilbert-space fragmentation (HSF) and fracton dynamics in two-dimensions, in a setup and regime readily accessible in optical lattice experiments. Using a…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2023-11-13 Melissa Will , Roderich Moessner , Frank Pollmann

Disordered systems provide paradigmatic instances of ergodicity breaking and localization phenomena. Here we explore the dynamics of excitations in a system of Rydberg atoms held in optical tweezers. The finite temperature produces an…

Fracton phases of matter feature a variety of exciting phenomena stemming from the restricted mobility of their quasiparticles. Here we consider a model of interacting electrons in one dimension that describes hopping of spin-singlet pairs…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2021-02-03 Hernan B. Xavier , Rodrigo G. Pereira
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