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Smartphone owners often need to run security-critical programs on the same device as other untrusted and potentially malicious programs. This requires users to trust hardware and system software to correctly sandbox malicious programs,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-10-24 Zhihao Yao , Seyed Mohammadjavad Seyed Talebi , Mingyi Chen , Ardalan Amiri Sani , Thomas Anderson

Machine learning models are routinely deployed on a wide range of computing hardware. Although such hardware is typically expected to produce identical results, differences in its design can lead to small numerical variations during…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Jonas Möller , Erik Imgrund , Thorsten Eisenhofer , Konrad Rieck

Security-critical tasks require proper isolation from untrusted software. Chip manufacturers design and include trusted execution environments (TEEs) in their processors to secure these tasks. The integrity and security of the software in…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2017-07-19 Yue Chen , Yulong Zhang , Zhi Wang , Tao Wei

Data breaches and cyberattacks represent a severe problem in higher education institutions and universities that can result in illegal access to sensitive information and data loss. To enhance the security of data transmission, Intrusion…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-11-13 Marco Grossi , Fabrizio Alfonsi , Marco Prandini , Alessandro Gabrielli

This work focuses on advancing security research in the hardware design space by formally defining the realistic problem of Hardware Trojan (HT) detection. The goal is to model HT detection more closely to the real world, i.e., describing…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-10-22 Amin Sarihi , Ahmad Patooghy , Peter Jamieson , Abdel-Hameed A. Badawy

Many terminals are used in safety-critical operations in which humans, through terminal user interfaces, become a part of the system control loop (e.g., medical and industrial systems). These terminals are typically embedded, single-purpose…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2016-04-19 Luka Malisa , Kari Kostiainen , Thomas Knell , David Sommer , Srdjan Capkun

Hardware Trojans can inflict harm on wireless networks by exploiting the link margins inherent in communication systems. We investigate a setting in which, alongside a legitimate communication link, a hardware Trojan embedded in the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-04-24 Serhat Bakirtas , Matthieu R. Bloch , Elza Erkip

Security is an important facet of integrated circuit design for many applications. IP privacy and Trojan insertion are growing threats as circuit fabrication in advanced nodes almost inevitably relies on untrusted foundries. A proposed…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-05-21 Joseph Sweeney , Samuel Pagliarini , Lawrence Pileggi

To counter software reverse engineering or tampering, software obfuscation tools can be used. However, such tools to a large degree hard-code how the obfuscations are deployed. They hence lack resilience and stealth in the face of many…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-12-24 Jens Van den Broeck , Bart Coppens , Bjorn De Sutter

Hardware and software of secured embedded systems are prone to physical attacks. In particular, fault injection attacks revealed vulnerabilities on the data and the control flow allowing an attacker to break cryptographic or secured…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2015-10-07 Lionel Rivière , Zakaria Najm , Pablo Rauzy , Jean-Luc Danger , Julien Bringer , Laurent Sauvage

Injection of transient faults as a way to attack cryptographic implementations has been largely studied in the last decade. Several attacks that use electromagnetic fault injection against hardware or software architectures have already…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2014-02-27 Nicolas Moro , Amine Dehbaoui , Karine Heydemann , Bruno Robisson , Emmanuelle Encrenaz

The growing use of third-party hardware accelerators (e.g., FPGAs, ASICs) for deep neural networks (DNNs) introduces new security vulnerabilities. Conventional model-level backdoor attacks, which only poison a model's weights to misclassify…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Sanskar Amgain , Daniel Lobo , Atri Chatterjee , Swarup Bhunia , Fnu Suya

Trojan backdoor is a poisoning attack against Neural Network (NN) classifiers in which adversaries try to exploit the (highly desirable) model reuse property to implant Trojans into model parameters for backdoor breaches through a poisoned…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-09-07 Guanxiong Liu , Abdallah Khreishah , Fatima Sharadgah , Issa Khalil

Cybersecurity threats in Additive Manufacturing (AM) are an increasing concern as AM adoption continues to grow. AM is now being used for parts in the aerospace, transportation, and medical domains. Threat vectors which allow for part…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-12-03 Jason Blocklove , Md Raz , Prithwish Basu Roy , Hammond Pearce , Prashanth Krishnamurthy , Farshad Khorrami , Ramesh Karri

With the advent of new technologies, using various formats of digital gadgets is becoming widespread. In today's world, where everyday tasks are inevitable without technology, this extensive use of computers paves the way for malicious…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-02-23 Mohammad Mahdi Maghouli , Mohamadreza Fereydooni , Monireh Abdoos , Mojtaba Vahidi-Asl

Due to the globalization of semiconductor manufacturing and test processes, the system-on-a-chip (SoC) designers no longer design the complete SoC and manufacture chips on their own. This outsourcing of the design and manufacturing of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-12-14 Ayush Jain , Ziqi Zhou , Ujjwal Guin

Obfuscation stands as a promising solution for safeguarding hardware intellectual property (IP) against a spectrum of threats including reverse engineering, IP piracy, and tampering. In this paper, we introduce Obfus-chat, a novel framework…

The globalized semiconductor supply chain has made Hardware Trojans (HT) a significant security threat to embedded systems, necessitating the design of efficient and adaptable detection mechanisms. Despite promising machine learning-based…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-29 Zhixin Pan , Ziyu Shu , Linh Nguyen , Amberbir Alemayoh

With the expansion of the Internet of Things industry, the information security of Internet of Things devices attracts much attention. Traditional encryption algorithms require sensitive information such as keys to be stored in memory, and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-07-22 Yao Wang , Zhengtai Chang

Security of modern Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) is under severe scrutiny as the deployment of these models become widespread in many intelligence-based applications. Most recently, DNNs are attacked through Trojan which can effectively…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-03-31 Adnan Siraj Rakin , Zhezhi He , Deliang Fan