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The variational autoencoder (VAE) framework is a popular option for training unsupervised generative models, featuring ease of training and latent representation of data. The objective function of VAE does not guarantee to achieve the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-04-25 Jason Chou

Deep learning has significantly advanced and accelerated de novo molecular generation. Generative networks, namely Variational Autoencoders (VAEs) can not only randomly generate new molecules, but also alter molecular structures to optimize…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2022-05-04 Ryan J Richards , Austen M Groener

Many contemporary generative models of molecules are variational auto-encoders of molecular graphs. One term in their training loss pertains to reconstructing the input, yet reconstruction capabilities of state-of-the-art models have not…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-05 Hagen Muenkler , Hubert Misztela , Michal Pikusa , Marwin Segler , Nadine Schneider , Krzysztof Maziarz

In this paper, we investigate the problem of string-based molecular generation via variational autoencoders (VAEs) that have served a popular generative approach for various tasks in artificial intelligence. We propose a simple, yet…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-24 Kisoo Kwon , Kuhwan Jung , Junghyun Park , Hwidong Na , Jinwoo Shin

We introduce the Kernel-Elastic Autoencoder (KAE), a self-supervised generative model based on the transformer architecture with enhanced performance for molecular design. KAE is formulated based on two novel loss functions: modified…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-26 Haote Li , Yu Shee , Brandon Allen , Federica Maschietto , Victor Batista

The Variational Autoencoder (VAE) is a popular and powerful model applied to text modelling to generate diverse sentences. However, an issue known as posterior collapse (or KL loss vanishing) happens when the VAE is used in text modelling,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-11-04 Ruizhe Li , Xiao Li , Guanyi Chen , Chenghua Lin

Variational autoencoders (VAEs) are a standard framework for inducing latent variable models that have been shown effective in learning text representations as well as in text generation. The key challenge with using VAEs is the {\it…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-05-01 Serhii Havrylov , Ivan Titov

Variational autoencoders (VAEs) typically encode images into a compact latent space, reducing computational cost but introducing an optimization dilemma: a higher-dimensional latent space improves reconstruction fidelity but often hampers…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Xunzhi Xiang , Xingye Tian , Guiyu Zhang , Yabo Chen , Shaofeng Zhang , Xuebo Wang , Xin Tao , Qi Fan

We consider the problem of learning Variational Autoencoders (VAEs), i.e., a type of deep generative model, from data with missing values. Such data is omnipresent in real-world applications of machine learning because complete data is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-26 Timur Sudak , Sebastian Tschiatschek

Variational Autoencoder (VAE) is a powerful method for learning representations of high-dimensional data. However, VAEs can suffer from an issue known as latent variable collapse (or KL loss vanishing), where the posterior collapses to the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-11-14 Ruizhe Li , Xiao Li , Chenghua Lin , Matthew Collinson , Rui Mao

Variational autoencoders (VAEs) hold great potential for modelling text, as they could in theory separate high-level semantic and syntactic properties from local regularities of natural language. Practically, however, VAEs with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-11 Teng Long , Yanshuai Cao , Jackie Chi Kit Cheung

Variational autoencoders (VAEs) are powerful generative modelling methods, however they suffer from blurry generated samples and reconstructions compared to the images they have been trained on. Significant research effort has been spent to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-04-13 Gustav Bredell , Kyriakos Flouris , Krishna Chaitanya , Ertunc Erdil , Ender Konukoglu

Variational autoencoders (VAEs) are one of the powerful likelihood-based generative models with applications in many domains. However, they struggle to generate high-quality images, especially when samples are obtained from the prior…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-05 Jyoti Aneja , Alexander Schwing , Jan Kautz , Arash Vahdat

Variational autoencoders (VAEs) are one of the powerful unsupervised learning frameworks in NLP for latent representation learning and latent-directed generation. The classic optimization goal of VAEs is to maximize the Evidence Lower Bound…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-02 Jianfei Zhang , Jun Bai , Chenghua Lin , Yanmeng Wang , Wenge Rong

The Variational Autoencoder (VAE) is a powerful framework for learning probabilistic latent variable generative models. However, typical assumptions on the approximate posterior distribution of the encoder and/or the prior, seriously…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-13 Ifigeneia Apostolopoulou , Elan Rosenfeld , Artur Dubrawski

Variational autoencoders (VAEs) defined over SMILES string and graph-based representations of molecules promise to improve the optimization of molecular properties, thereby revolutionizing the pharmaceuticals and materials industries.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-06-04 Zaccary Alperstein , Artem Cherkasov , Jason Tyler Rolfe

Variational Autoencoder (VAE), a simple and effective deep generative model, has led to a number of impressive empirical successes and spawned many advanced variants and theoretical investigations. However, recent studies demonstrate that,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-01-08 Xuezhe Ma , Chunting Zhou , Eduard Hovy

Continuous speech representations based on Variational Autoencoders (VAEs) have emerged as a promising alternative to traditional spectrogram or discrete token based features for speech generation and reconstruction. Recent research has…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Changhao Cheng , Wei Wang , Wangyou Zhang , Dongya Jia , Jian Wu , Zhuo Chen , Yanmin Qian

Recent proposals for quantum generative adversarial networks (GANs) suffer from the issue of mode collapse, analogous to classical GANs, wherein the distribution learnt by the GAN fails to capture the high mode complexities of the target…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-23 Aaron Mark Thomas , Harry Youel , Sharu Theresa Jose

Variational Autoencoder (VAE) is widely used as a generative model to approximate a model's posterior on latent variables by combining the amortized variational inference and deep neural networks. However, when paired with strong…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-02 Qile Zhu , Jianlin Su , Wei Bi , Xiaojiang Liu , Xiyao Ma , Xiaolin Li , Dapeng Wu
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