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We consider the Newtonian planar three-body problem, defining a syzygy (velocity syzygy) as a configuration where the positions (velocities) of the three bodies become collinear. We demonstrate that if the total energy is negative, every…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2024-07-17 Alexei Tsygvintsev

We show that any bounded zero-angular momentum solution for the Newtonian three-body problem must suffer infinitely many eclipses, or collinearities, provided that it does not suffer a triple collision. Motivation for the result comes from…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Richard Montgomery

This thesis studies instabilities and singularities in a geometrical approach to the planar 3-body problem as well as instabilities, chaos and ergodicity in the 3-rotor problem. Trajectories of the planar 3-body problem are expressed as…

Chaotic Dynamics · Physics 2020-08-07 Himalaya Senapati

We consider the 3-body problem in relativistic lineal gravity and obtain an exact expression for its Hamiltonian and equations of motion. While general-relativistic effects yield more tightly-bound orbits of higher frequency compared to…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-07 F. J. Burnell , R. B. Mann , T. Ohta

In this paper we find a class of new degenerate central configurations and bifurcations in the Newtonian $n$-body problem. In particular we analyze the Rosette central configurations, namely a coplanar configuration where $n$ particles of…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2009-09-29 Jinzhi Lei , Manuele Santoprete

We consider non-autonomous $N$-body-type problems with strong force type potentials at the origin and sub-quadratic growth at infinity, and using Ljusternik-Schnirelmann theory, we prove the existence of unbounded sequences of critical…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2014-08-14 Fengying Li , Shiqing Zhang

In this work, we revisit the planar restricted four-body problem to study the dynamics of an infinitesimal mass under the gravitational force produced by three heavy bodies with unequal masses, forming an equilateral triangle configuration.…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2022-08-31 José Alejandro Zepeda Ramírez , Martha Alvarez-Ramírez

Some properties of the periodic solution of the three-body problem where three particles of equal mass follow the same trajectory are discussed. This trajectory has the shape of a figure-8. The three particles have a constant separation in…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2017-07-21 F. L. Janssens

We consider several $N$-body problems. The main result is a very simple and natural criterion for decoupling the Jacobi equation for some classes of them. If $E$ is a Euclidean space, and the potential function $U(x)$ for the $N$-body…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2026-04-24 Renato Iturriaga , Ezequiel Maderna

In the circular restricted three-body problem, low energy transit orbits are revealed by linearizing the governing differential equations about the collinear Lagrange points. This procedure fails when time-periodic perturbations are…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2026-02-24 Joshua Fitzgerald , Shane Ross

Using the properties of the angular momentum, we develop a new geometrical technique to study relative equilibria for a system of $3$--bodies with positive masses, moving on the two sphere under the influence of an attractive potential…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2022-02-22 Toshiaki Fujiwara , Ernesto Perez-Chavela

Extrasolar planetary systems commonly exhibit planets on eccentric orbits, with many systems located near or within mean-motion resonances, showcasing a wide diversity of orbital architectures. Such complex systems challenge traditional…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-07-25 Aya Alnajjarine , Federico Mogavero , Jacques Laskar

For the power-law potential $n$-body problem, we study a special kind of central configurations where all the masses lie on a circle and the center of mass coincides with the center of the circle. It is also called the centered co-circular…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2022-11-29 Zhiqiang Wang

We consider singular quasilinear elliptic systems with homogeneous Dirichlet boundary condition. Using Leray-Schauder topological degree, combined with the sub-supersolutions method and suitable truncation arguments, we establish the…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2025-10-27 Nouredine Medjoudj , Abdelkrim Moussaoui

In the planar $n$-body problem, the problem of infinite spin occurs for both parabolic and collision solutions. Recently Moeckel and Montgomery \cite{MM25} showed that there is no infinite spin for total collision solutions, when the…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2025-08-08 Zhe Wang , Guowei Yu

We consider the planar circular equilateral restricted four body-problem where a test particle of infinitesimal mass is moving under the gravitational attraction of three primary bodies which move on circular orbits around their common…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2017-09-28 Euaggelos E. Zotos

We study aspects of the quantum and classical dynamics of a $3$-body system in 3D space with interaction depending only on mutual distances. The study is restricted to solutions in the space of relative motion which are functions of mutual…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2017-07-06 Alexander V Turbiner , Willard Miller , Adrian M Escobar-Ruiz

In the planar three-body problem, we study solutions with zero initial velocity (brake orbits). Following such a solution until the three masses become collinear (syzygy), we obtain a continuous, flow-induced Poincar\'e map. We study the…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2015-05-30 Richard Moeckel , Richard Montgomery , Andrea Venturelli

Constrained mechanical multibody systems arise in many important applications like robotics, vehicle and machinery dynamics and biomechanics of locomotion of humans. These systems are described by the Euler-Lagrange equations which are…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2016-05-31 Brahim Benhammouda

Moeckel (1990), Moeckel and Sim\'o (1995) proved that, while continuously changing the masses, a 946-body planar central configuration bifurcates into a spatial central configuration. We show that this kind of bifurcation does not occur…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2024-02-07 Alain Albouy , Antonio Carlos Fernandes