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Surface codes can protect quantum information stored in qubits from local errors as long as the per-operation error rate is below a certain threshold. Here we propose holonomic surface codes by harnessing the quantum holonomy of the system.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-03-07 Jiang Zhang , Simon J. Devitt , J. Q. You , Franco Nori

Fault-tolerant logic gates will consume a large proportion of the resources of a two-dimensional quantum computing architecture. Here we show how to perform a fault-tolerant non-Clifford gate with the surface code; a quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-04-20 Benjamin J. Brown

We devise a new realization of the surface code on a rectangular lattice of qubits utilizing single-qubit and nearest-neighbor two-qubit Pauli measurements and three auxiliary qubits per plaquette. This realization gains substantial…

Series of maximum distance quantum error-correcting codes are developed and analysed. For a given rate and given error-correction capability, quantum error-correcting codes with these specifications are constructed. The codes are explicit…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-04-14 Ted Hurley , Donny Hurley , Barry Hurley

2D compass codes are a family of quantum error-correcting codes that contain the Bacon-Shor codes, the $X$-Shor and $Z$-Shor codes, and the rotated surface codes. Previous numerical results suggest that the surface code has a constant…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-02-13 Balint Pato , J. Wilson Staples , Kenneth R. Brown

The surface code is a two-dimensional stabiliser code with parameters $[[n,1,\Theta(\sqrt{n})]]$. To this day, no stabiliser code with growing distance is know to live in less than two dimensions. In this note we show that no such code can…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-25 Nouédyn Baspin

The family of hyperbolic surface codes is one of the rare families of quantum LDPC codes with non-zero rate and unbounded minimum distance. First, we introduce a family of hyperbolic color codes. This produces a new family of quantum LDPC…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-11-29 Nicolas Delfosse

The surface code is one the most promising alternatives for implementing fault-tolerant, large-scale quantum information processing. Its high threshold for single-qubit errors under stochastic noise is one of its most attrative features. We…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-10-29 Pejman Jouzdani , E. Novais , I. S. Tupitsyn , Eduardo R. Mucciolo

Two generalizations of the Hartmann--Tzeng (HT) bound on the minimum distance of q-ary cyclic codes are proposed. The first one is proven by embedding the given cyclic code into a cyclic product code. Furthermore, we show that unique…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2013-06-28 Alexander Zeh , Antonia Wachter-Zeh , Maximilien Gadouleau , Sergey Bezzateev

With fault-tolerant quantum computing (FTQC) on the horizon, it is critical to understand sources of logical error in plausible hardware implementations of quantum error-correcting codes (QECC). In this work, we consider logical error rates…

Given a block cipher of length L Cook's elastic cipher allows to encrypt messages of variable length from L to 2L. Given some conditions on the key schedule, Cook's elastic cipher is secure against any key recovery attack if the underlying…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2015-05-05 Emanuele Bellini , Guglielmo Morgari , Marco Coppola

Recently, Ji et al disproved the LU-LC conjecture and showed that the local unitary and local Clifford equivalence classes of the stabilizer states are not always the same. Despite the fact this settles the LU-LC conjecture, a sufficient…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-08-30 Pradeep Sarvepalli , Robert Raussendorf

We ask whether there are fundamental limits on storing quantum information reliably in a bounded volume of space. To investigate this question, we study quantum error correcting codes specified by geometrically local commuting constraints…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-05-14 Sergey Bravyi , David Poulin , Barbara Terhal

The locally repairable codes (LRCs) were introduced to correct erasures efficiently in distributed storage systems. LRCs are extensively studied recently. In this paper, we first deal with the open case remained in \cite{q} and derive an…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2015-06-17 Jun Zhang , Xin Wang , Gennian Ge

The surface code is one of the leading quantum error correction codes for realizing large-scale fault-tolerant quantum computing (FTQC). One major challenge in realizing surface-code-based FTQC is the extremely large number of qubits…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-19 Kohei Fujiu , Shota Nagayama , Shin Nishio , Hideaki Kawaguchi , Takahiko Satoh

One hurdle to performing reliable quantum computations is overcoming noise. One possibility is to reduce the number of particles needing to be protected from noise and instead use systems with more states, so called qudit quantum computers.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-04-27 Lane G. Gunderman

We consider a new family of codes, termed asymmetric Lee distance codes, that arise in the design and implementation of DNA-based storage systems and systems with parallel string transmission protocols. The codewords are defined over a…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2016-12-16 Ryan Gabrys , Han Mao Kiah , Olgica Milenkovic

In this paper, we bound the rate of linear codes in $\mathbb{F}_q^n$ with the property that any $k\leq q$ codewords are all simultaneously distinct in at least $d_k$ coordinates. For the case of particular interest $q=k=3$ we recover, with…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Stefano Della Fiore , Marco Dalai

We realize a suite of logical operations on a distance-two logical qubit stabilized using repeated error detection cycles. Logical operations include initialization into arbitrary states, measurement in the cardinal bases of the Bloch…

Leakage of quantum information out of computational states into higher energy states represents a major challenge in the pursuit of quantum error correction (QEC). In a QEC circuit, leakage builds over time and spreads through multi-qubit…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-05-01 Kevin C. Miao , Matt McEwen , Juan Atalaya , Dvir Kafri , Leonid P. Pryadko , Andreas Bengtsson , Alex Opremcak , Kevin J. Satzinger , Zijun Chen , Paul V. Klimov , Chris Quintana , Rajeev Acharya , Kyle Anderson , Markus Ansmann , Frank Arute , Kunal Arya , Abraham Asfaw , Joseph C. Bardin , Alexandre Bourassa , Jenna Bovaird , Leon Brill , Bob B. Buckley , David A. Buell , Tim Burger , Brian Burkett , Nicholas Bushnell , Juan Campero , Ben Chiaro , Roberto Collins , Paul Conner , Alexander L. Crook , Ben Curtin , Dripto M. Debroy , Sean Demura , Andrew Dunsworth , Catherine Erickson , Reza Fatemi , Vinicius S. Ferreira , Leslie Flores Burgos , Ebrahim Forati , Austin G. Fowler , Brooks Foxen , Gonzalo Garcia , William Giang , Craig Gidney , Marissa Giustina , Raja Gosula , Alejandro Grajales Dau , Jonathan A. Gross , Michael C. Hamilton , Sean D. Harrington , Paula Heu , Jeremy Hilton , Markus R. Hoffmann , Sabrina Hong , Trent Huang , Ashley Huff , Justin Iveland , Evan Jeffrey , Zhang Jiang , Cody Jones , Julian Kelly , Seon Kim , Fedor Kostritsa , John Mark Kreikebaum , David Landhuis , Pavel Laptev , Lily Laws , Kenny Lee , Brian J. Lester , Alexander T. Lill , Wayne Liu , Aditya Locharla , Erik Lucero , Steven Martin , Anthony Megrant , Xiao Mi , Shirin Montazeri , Alexis Morvan , Ofer Naaman , Matthew Neeley , Charles Neill , Ani Nersisyan , Michael Newman , Jiun How Ng , Anthony Nguyen , Murray Nguyen , Rebecca Potter , Charles Rocque , Pedram Roushan , Kannan Sankaragomathi , Christopher Schuster , Michael J. Shearn , Aaron Shorter , Noah Shutty , Vladimir Shvarts , Jindra Skruzny , W. Clarke Smith , George Sterling , Marco Szalay , Douglas Thor , Alfredo Torres , Theodore White , Bryan W. K. Woo , Z. Jamie Yao , Ping Yeh , Juhwan Yoo , Grayson Young , Adam Zalcman , Ningfeng Zhu , Nicholas Zobrist , Hartmut Neven , Vadim Smelyanskiy , Andre Petukhov , Alexander N. Korotkov , Daniel Sank , Yu Chen