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Emission line observations of circumnuclear gas disks in the ALMA era have begun to resolve molecular gas tracer kinematics near supermassive black holes (BHs), enabling highly precise mass determination in the best cases. The ngVLA is…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2018-10-17 Benjamin D. Boizelle , Kristina Nyland , Timothy A. Davis

A rotational modulator (RM) gamma-ray imager is capable of obtaining significantly better angular resolution than the fundamental geometric resolution defined by the ratio of detector diameter to mask-detector separation. An RM imager…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2010-10-15 B. Budden , G. L. Case , M. L. Cherry

In coherent imaging, speckle is statistically modeled as multiplicative noise, posing a fundamental challenge for image reconstruction. While maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) provides a principled framework for speckle mitigation, its…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-12 Xi Chen , Arian Maleki , Shirin Jalali

The generalized maximum entropy method (GMEM) is a special modification of the standard maximum entropy method (MEM) which seeks solutions in the space of complex functions. In this work a reduced version of the GMEM intended for…

Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-24 Anisa T. Bajkova

Most existing face image Super-Resolution (SR) methods assume that the Low-Resolution (LR) images were artificially downsampled from High-Resolution (HR) images with bicubic interpolation. This operation changes the natural image…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-02-08 Andreas Aakerberg , Kamal Nasrollahi , Thomas B. Moeslund

We report the results of a simulation and reconstruction of observations of a young stellar object (YSO) jet with the LINC-NIRVANA (LN) interferometric instrument, which will be mounted on the Large Binocular Telescope (LBT). This…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-11 Andrea La Camera , Simone Antoniucci , Mario Bertero , Patrizia Boccacci , Dario Lorenzetti , Brunella Nisini

Very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) makes it possible to recover images of astronomical sources with extremely high angular resolution. Most recently, the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) has extended VLBI to short millimeter wavelengths…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2018-02-05 Katherine L. Bouman , Michael D. Johnson , Adrian V. Dalca , Andrew A. Chael , Freek Roelofs , Sheperd S. Doeleman , William T. Freeman

Deep imaging of the diffuse light emitted by the stellar fine structures and outer halos around galaxies is now often used to probe their past mass assembly. Because the extended halos survive longer than the relatively fragile tidal…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2017-05-10 Emin Karabal , Pierre-Alain Duc , Harald Kuntschner , Pierre Chanial , Jean-Charles Cuillandre , Stephen Gwyn

Recently, super-resolution ultrasound imaging with ultrasound localization microscopy (ULM) has received much attention. However, ULM relies on low concentrations of microbubbles in the blood vessels, ultimately resulting in long…

Large-scale astronomical surveys can capture numerous images of celestial objects, including galaxies and nebulae. Analysing and processing these images can reveal intricate internal structures of these objects, allowing researchers to…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2023-11-02 Peng Jia , Jiameng Lv , Runyu Ning , Yu Song , Nan Li , Kaifan Ji , Chenzhou Cui , Shanshan Li

This paper discusses compelling science cases for a future long-baseline interferometer operating at millimeter and centimeter wavelengths, like the proposed Next Generation Vary Large Array (ngVLA). We report on the activities of the…

Light field imaging extends the traditional photography by capturing both spatial and angular distribution of light, which enables new capabilities, including post-capture refocusing, post-capture aperture control, and depth estimation from…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-03-14 M. Shahzeb Khan Gul , Bahadir K. Gunturk

Images of the linear polarization of synchrotron radiation around Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) identify their projected magnetic field lines and provide key data for understanding the physics of accretion and outflow from supermassive black…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2016-09-21 Andrew A. Chael , Michael D. Johnson , Ramesh Narayan , Sheperd S. Doeleman , John F. C. Wardle , Katherine L. Bouman

Radio synthesis imaging is dependent upon deconvolution algorithms to counteract the sparse sampling of the Fourier plane. These deconvolution algorithms find an estimate of the true sky brightness from the necessarily incomplete sampled…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 T. J. Cornwell

We present a community study exploring the low frequency (5 - 800 MHz) options and opportunities for the ngVLA project and its infrastructure. We describe a Next Generation LOw Band Observatory (ngLOBO) that will provide access to the low…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2017-08-14 Greg Taylor , Jayce Dowell , Joe Malins , Tracy Clarke , Namir Kassim , Simona Giacintucci , Brian Hicks , Jason Kooi , Wendy Peters , Emil Polisensky , Frank Schinzel , Kevin Stovall

Next-generation radio interferometers, such as the Square Kilometre Array (SKA), will revolutionise our understanding of the universe through their unprecedented sensitivity and resolution. However, to realise these goals significant…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2017-11-20 Luke Pratley , Jason D. McEwen , Mayeul d'Avezac , Rafael E. Carrillo , Alexandru Onose , Yves Wiaux

The Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) has produced images of the plasma flow around the supermassive black holes in Sgr A* and M87* with a resolution comparable to the projected size of their event horizons. Observations with the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-03-15 Andrew Chael , Sara Issaoun , Dominic W. Pesce , Michael D. Johnson , Angelo Ricarte , Christian M. Fromm , Yosuke Mizuno

Reconstructing images of the radio sky from incomplete Fourier information is a key challenge in radio astronomy. In this work, we present a method for radio interferometric image reconstruction using a data-driven prior for the radio sky…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2026-04-06 Michel Morales , Emma Tolley , Remi Poitevineau

We have developed a method for the linear reconstruction of an image from undersampled, dithered data, which has been used to create the distributed, combined Hubble Deep Field images -- the deepest optical images yet taken of the universe.…

Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-24 Andrew Fruchter , Richard Hook

Image restoration endeavors to reconstruct a high-quality, detail-rich image from a degraded counterpart, which is a pivotal process in photography and various computer vision systems. In real-world scenarios, different types of degradation…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-20 Yuhong He , Long Peng , Qiaosi Yi , Chen Wu , Lu Wang