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We define and analyze an extension to the $d$-dimensional hyperbolic space of the Radial Spanning Tree (RST) introduced by Baccelli and Bordenave in the two-dimensional Euclidean space (2007). In particular, we will focus on the description…

Probability · Mathematics 2022-11-14 David Coupier , Lucas Flammant , Viet Chi Tran

We consider the Directed Spanning Forest (DSF) constructed as follows: given a Poisson point process N on the plane, the ancestor of each point is the nearest vertex of N having a strictly larger abscissa. We prove that the DSF is actually…

Probability · Mathematics 2012-11-27 David Coupier , Viet Chi Tran

The two-dimensional directed spanning forest (DSF) introduced by Baccelli and Bordenave is a planar directed forest whose vertex set is given by a homogeneous Poisson point process $\mathcal{N}$ on $\mathbb{R}^2$. If the DSF has direction…

Probability · Mathematics 2020-05-08 David Coupier , Kumarjit Saha , Anish Sarkar , Viet Chi Tran

For $p\in[1,\infty]$, the $\ell^p$ directed spanning forest (DSF) of dimension $d\geq 2$ is an oriented random geometric graph whose vertex set is given by a homogeneous Poisson point process $\mathcal N$ on $\mathbb R^d$ and whose edges…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-09-16 Tom Garcia-Sanchez

Hyperbolic geometry is gaining traction in machine learning for its effectiveness at capturing hierarchical structures in real-world data. Hyperbolic spaces, where neighborhoods grow exponentially, offer substantial advantages and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-06 Philippe Chlenski , Ethan Turok , Antonio Moretti , Itsik Pe'er

The Radial Spanning Tree (RST) in dimension $d\geq2$ is a random geometric graph constructed on a homogeneous Poisson point process $\mathcal N$ in $\mathbb R^d$ augmented by the origin, with edges connecting each $x\in\mathcal N$ to the…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-01-14 Tom Garcia-Sanchez

The uniform spanning forest measure ($\mathsf{USF}$) on a locally finite, infinite connected graph $G$ with conductance $c$ is defined as a weak limit of uniform spanning tree measure on finite subgraphs. Depending on the underlying graph…

Probability · Mathematics 2018-05-07 Zhan Shi , Vladas Sidoravicius , He Song , Longmin Wang , Kainan Xiang

In this note we study the geometry of the component of the origin in the Uniform Spanning Forest of $\mathbb{Z}^d$, as well as in the Uniform Spanning Tree of wired subgraphs of $\mathbb{Z}^d$, when $d \ge 5$. In particular, we study…

Probability · Mathematics 2016-02-05 Martin T. Barlow , Antal A. Járai

In this article we investigate the Uniform Spanning Forest ($\mathsf{USF}$) in the nearest-neighbour integer lattice $\mathbf{Z}^{d+1} = \mathbf{Z}\times \mathbf{Z}^d$ with an assignment of conductances that makes the underlying (Network)…

Probability · Mathematics 2020-09-03 Guillermo Martinez Dibene

Hyperbolic space naturally encodes hierarchical structures such as phylogenies (binary trees), where inward-bending geodesics reflect paths through least common ancestors, and the exponential growth of neighborhoods mirrors the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-17 Alex Chen , Philipe Chlenski , Kenneth Munyuza , Antonio Khalil Moretti , Christian A. Naesseth , Itsik Pe'er

Since the works of Howard and Newman (2001), it is known that in straight radial rooted trees, with probability 1, infinite paths all have an asymptotic direction and each asymptotic direction is reached by (at least) an infinite path.…

Probability · Mathematics 2023-01-10 David Coupier , Lucas Flammant , Viet Chi Tran

We propose a data structure in $d$-dimensional hyperbolic space that can be considered a natural counterpart to quadtrees in Euclidean spaces. Based on this data structure we propose a so-called L-order for hyperbolic point sets, which is…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Sándor Kisfaludi-Bak , Geert van Wordragen

Graph-structured data are widespread in real-world applications, such as social networks, recommender systems, knowledge graphs, chemical molecules etc. Despite the success of Euclidean space for graph-related learning tasks, its ability to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-09 Min Zhou , Menglin Yang , Lujia Pan , Irwin King

The uniform spanning forest (USF) in Z^d is the weak limit of random, uniformly chosen, spanning trees in [-n,n]^d. Pemantle proved that the USF consists a.s. of a single tree if and only if d <= 4. We prove that any two components of the…

Probability · Mathematics 2009-04-28 Itai Benjamini , Harry Kesten , Yuval Peres , Oded Schramm

Geodesic coalescence, or the tendency of geodesics to merge together, is a hallmark phenomenon observed in a variety of planar random geometries involving a random distortion of the Euclidean metric. As a result of this, the union of…

Probability · Mathematics 2024-04-03 Manan Bhatia

The first main result of this paper is that the law of the (rescaled) two-dimensional uniform spanning tree is tight in a space whose elements are measured, rooted real trees continuously embedded into Euclidean space. Various properties of…

Probability · Mathematics 2017-07-04 M. T. Barlow , D. A. Croydon , T. Kumagai

We study the $\ell_{\infty}$\textit{ directed spanning forest}(DSF), which is a directed forest with vertex set given by a homogeneous Poisson point process such that each Poisson point connects to the nearest Poisson point (in…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-12-23 Dipranjan Pal , Kumarjit Saha

Hyperbolic space is becoming a popular choice for representing data due to the hierarchical structure - whether implicit or explicit - of many real-world datasets. Along with it comes a need for algorithms capable of solving fundamental…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-25 Lars Doorenbos , Pablo Márquez-Neila , Raphael Sznitman , Pascal Mettes

In a paper from 2012 Jab{\l}o\'nski, Jung and Stochel introduced the weighted shifts on directed trees, a generalisation of well known weighted shift operators on $\ell^2$. In the last decade this class has proven itself handy for finding…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2024-09-26 Piotr Pikul

A hypertree, or $\mathbb{Q}$-acyclic complex, is a higher-dimensional analogue of a tree. We study random $2$-dimensional hypertrees according to the determinantal measure suggested by Lyons. We are especially interested in their…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2020-04-29 Matthew Kahle , Andrew Newman
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