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We study the smallest, as well as the largest numbers of congruences of lattices of an arbitrary finite cardinality $n$. Continuing the work of Freese and Cz\' edli, we prove that the third, fourth and fifth largest numbers of congruences…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2018-01-22 J\' ulia Kulin , Claudia Mureşan

In this paper, we characterize the congruences of an arbitrary i--lattice, investigate the structure of the lattice they form and how it relates to the structure of the lattice of lattice congruences, then, for an arbitrary non--zero…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2018-12-10 Claudia Muresan

By a twenty year old result of Ralph Freese, an $n$-element lattice $L$ has at most $2^{n-1}$ congruences. We prove that if $L$ has less than $2^{n-1}$ congruences, then it has at most $2^{n-2}$ congruences. Also, we describe the…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2017-12-19 Gábor Czédli

By a 1997 result of R. Freese, an $n$-element lattice has at most $2^{n-1}$ congruences. This motivates us to define the congruence density cd$(L)$ of a finite $n$-element lattice as $|$Con$(L)|/2^{n-1}$, where $|$Con$(L)|$ is the number of…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2026-02-05 Gábor Czédli

For an integer $n\geq 2$, let NCSL$(n)$ denote the set of sizes of congruence lattices of $n$-element semilattices. We find the four largest numbers belonging to NCSL$(n)$, provided that $n$ is large enough to ensure that $|$NCSL$(n)|\geq…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2018-01-08 Gábor Czédli

Let $L$ be an $n$-element finite lattice. We prove that if $L$ has strictly more than $2^{n-5}$ congruences, then $L$ is planar. This result is sharp, since for each natural number $n\geq 8$, there exists a non-planar lattice with exactly…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2018-09-27 Gábor Czédli

Let the finite distributive lattice $D$ be isomorphic to the congruence lattice of a finite lattice $L$. Let $Q$ denote those elements of $D$ that correspond to principal congruences under this isomorphism. Then $Q$ contains $0,1 \in D$ and…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2021-05-03 G. Grätzer , H. Lakser

We consider the problem of covering $\mathbb{Z}^2$ with a finite number of sublattices of finite index, satisfying a simple minimality or non-degeneracy condition. We show how this problem may be viewed as a projective (or homogeneous)…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2026-01-15 J. E. Cremona , P. Koymans

Linear complementary dual codes (or codes with complementary duals) are codes whose intersections with their dual codes are trivial. We study the largest minimum weight $d(n,k)$ among all binary linear complementary dual $[n,k]$ codes. We…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-11-20 Makoto Araya , Masaaki Harada

In this paper, we show that given a weakly dicomplemented lattice (WDL) $\mathcal{L}=(L; \vee, \wedge, ^{\Delta}, ^{\nabla}, 0, 1)$, $^{\Delta}$ induces a structure of a dual weakly complemented lattice in the lattice $(F(L), \subseteq)$ of…

Logic · Mathematics 2025-10-07 Yannick Léa Tenkeu Jeufack , Leonard Kwuida

An important and long-standing open problem in universal algebra asks whether every finite lattice is isomorphic to the congruence lattice of a finite algebra. Until this problem is resolved, our understanding of finite algebras is…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2012-05-08 William J. DeMeo

In this article we introduce the study of the number of pairs of non-comparable elements in a distributive lattice $\L$. We give several tight lower and upper bounds for the number and give as an application the lattices precisely for which…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-05-06 Himadri Mukherjee

For every natural number $n\geq 5$, we prove that the number of subuniverses of an $n$-element lattice is $2^n$, $13\cdot 2^{n-4}$, $23\cdot 2^{n-5}$, or less than $23\cdot 2^{n-5}$. By a subuniverse, we mean a sublattice or the emptyset.…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2019-01-01 Gábor Czédli , Eszter K. Horváth

We consider the problem of finding lower bounds on the number of unlabeled $n$-element lattices in some lattice family. We show that if the family is closed under vertical sum, exponential lower bounds can be obtained from vertical sums of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-02-26 Jukka Kohonen

In an earlier paper (math.NT/9906019) we showed that any integral unimodular lattice L of rank n which is not isometric with Z^n has a characteristic vector of norm at most n-8. [A "characteristic vector" of L is a vector w in L such that…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Noam D. Elkies

We prove that the very simple lattices which consist of a largest, a smallest and $2n$ pairwise incomparable elements where $n$ is a positive integer can be realized as the lattices of intermediate subfactors of finite index and finite…

Operator Algebras · Mathematics 2009-05-09 Feng Xu

Lattices and partially ordered sets have played an increasingly important role in coding theory, providing combinatorial frameworks for studying structural and algebraic properties of error-correcting codes. Motivated by recent works…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Jessica Bariffi , Drisana Bhatia , Giuseppe Cotardo , Violetta Weger

This paper studies the combinatorics of lattice congruences of the weak order on a finite Weyl group $W$, using representation theory of the corresponding preprojective algebra $\Pi$. Natural bijections are constructed between important…

Representation Theory · Mathematics 2019-02-20 Osamu Iyama , Nathan Reading , Idun Reiten , Hugh Thomas

We initiate in this article the study of weakly exact structures, a generalization of Quillen exact structures. We introduce weak counterparts of one-sided exact structures and show that a left and a right weakly exact structure generate a…

Category Theory · Mathematics 2023-07-19 Rose-Line Baillargeon , Thomas Brüstle , Mikhail Gorsky , Souheila Hassoun

We denote by Conc(L) the semilattice of all finitely generated congruences of a lattice L. For varieties (i.e., equational classes) V and W of lattices such that V is contained neither in W nor its dual, and such that every simple member of…

Logic · Mathematics 2014-03-24 Pierre Gillibert
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