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The increasing design complexity of System-on-Chips (SoCs) has led to significant verification challenges, particularly in meeting coverage targets within a timely manner. At present, coverage closure is heavily dependent on constrained…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Deepak Narayan Gadde , Thomas Nalapat , Aman Kumar , Djones Lettnin , Wolfgang Kunz , Sebastian Simon

With the complexity of Integrated Circuits increasing, design verification has become the most time consuming part of the ASIC design flow. Nearly 70% of the SoC design cycle is consumed by verification. The most commonly used approach to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-07 B. Samhita Varambally , Naman Sehgal

Constrained random test generation is one of the most widely adopted methods for generating stimuli for simulation-based verification. Randomness leads to test diversity, but tests tend to repeatedly exercise the same design logic.…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2022-10-18 Nyasha Masamba , Kerstin Eder , Tim Blackmore

Hardware design verification (DV) is a process that checks the functional equivalence of a hardware design against its specifications, improving hardware reliability and robustness. A key task in the DV process is the test stimuli…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-26 Zixi Zhang , Balint Szekely , Pedro Gimenes , Greg Chadwick , Hugo McNally , Jianyi Cheng , Robert Mullins , Yiren Zhao

Deep reinforcement learning has proven remarkably useful in training agents from unstructured data. However, the opacity of the produced agents makes it difficult to ensure that they adhere to various requirements posed by human engineers.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-10 Raz Yerushalmi , Guy Amir , Achiya Elyasaf , David Harel , Guy Katz , Assaf Marron

The escalating complexity of System-on-Chip (SoC) designs has created a bottleneck in verification, with traditional techniques struggling to achieve complete coverage. Existing techniques, such as Constrained Random Verification (CRV) and…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-12-11 Suruchi Kumari , Deepak Narayan Gadde , Aman Kumar

Algorithms for machine learning-guided design, or design algorithms, use machine learning-based predictions to propose novel objects with desired property values. Given a new design task -- for example, to design novel proteins with high…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-04 Clara Fannjiang , Ji Won Park

Motion planning is a central challenge in robotics, with learning-based approaches gaining significant attention in recent years. Our work focuses on a specific aspect of these approaches: using machine-learning techniques, particularly…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-02-07 Sapir Tubul , Aviv Tamar , Kiril Solovey , Oren Salzman

Digital hardware is verified by comparing its behavior against a reference model on a range of randomly generated input signals. The random generation of the inputs hopes to achieve sufficient coverage of the different parts of the design.…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2021-08-10 Aebel Joe Shibu , Sadhana S , Shilpa N , Pratyush Kumar

We propose a new low-cost machine-learning-based methodology which assists designers in reducing the gap between the problem and the solution in the design process. Our work applies reinforcement learning (RL) to find the optimal…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-03-14 Junyoung Choi , Minsung Hyun , Nojun Kwak

Functional verification plays a central role in ensuring the correctness of modern integrated circuit designs, where constrained-random verification is widely adopted to generate diverse stimuli under high-level constraints. In industrial…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Nanbing Li , Weijie Peng , Jin Luo , Shuai Wang , Yihui Li , Jun Fang , Yun Liang

Collaborative robots could transform several industries, such as manufacturing and healthcare, but they present a significant challenge to verification. The complex nature of their working environment necessitates testing in realistic…

Robotics · Computer Science 2015-10-12 Dejanira Araiza-Illan , David Western , Anthony Pipe , Kerstin Eder

Many physical systems have underlying safety considerations that require that the policy employed ensures the satisfaction of a set of constraints. The analytical formulation usually takes the form of a Constrained Markov Decision Process…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-03 Aria HasanzadeZonuzy , Archana Bura , Dileep Kalathil , Srinivas Shakkottai

Constrained reinforcement learning is to maximize the expected reward subject to constraints on utilities/costs. However, the training environment may not be the same as the test one, due to, e.g., modeling error, adversarial attack,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-16 Yue Wang , Fei Miao , Shaofeng Zou

In standard reinforcement learning (RL), a learning agent seeks to optimize the overall reward. However, many key aspects of a desired behavior are more naturally expressed as constraints. For instance, the designer may want to limit the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-01-29 Sobhan Miryoosefi , Kianté Brantley , Hal Daumé , Miroslav Dudik , Robert Schapire

Verifying the robustness of machine learning models against evasion attacks at test time is an important research problem. Unfortunately, prior work established that this problem is NP-hard for decision tree ensembles, hence bound to be…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-14 Stefano Calzavara , Lorenzo Cazzaro , Giulio Ermanno Pibiri , Nicola Prezza

When deploying machine learning solutions, they must satisfy multiple requirements beyond accuracy, such as fairness, robustness, or safety. These requirements are imposed during training either implicitly, using penalties, or explicitly,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-12 Ignacio Hounie , Alejandro Ribeiro , Luiz F. O. Chamon

A key problem in constrained random verification (CRV) concerns generation of input stimuli that result in good coverage of the system's runs in targeted corners of its behavior space. Existing CRV solutions however provide no formal…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2020-08-18 Supratik Chakraborty , Aditya A. Shrotri , Moshe Y. Vardi

Finding tight bounds on the optimal solution is a critical element of practical solution methods for discrete optimization problems. In the last decade, decision diagrams (DDs) have brought a new perspective on obtaining upper and lower…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-02-28 Quentin Cappart , Emmanuel Goutierre , David Bergman , Louis-Martin Rousseau

Designing functional materials requires a deep search through multidimensional spaces for system parameters that yield desirable material properties. For cases where conventional parameter sweeps or trial-and-error sampling are impractical,…

Materials Science · Physics 2022-03-22 Sanket Kadulkar , Zachary M. Sherman , Venkat Ganesan , Thomas M. Truskett
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