English
Related papers

Related papers: A Data-Adaptive Targeted Learning Approach of Eval…

200 papers

Machine learning can be used to analyse physiological data for several purposes. Detection of cerebral ischemia is an achievement that would have high impact on patient care. We attempted to study if collection of continous physiological…

Stepped wedge cluster randomized controlled trials are typically analyzed using models that assume the full effect of the treatment is achieved instantaneously. We provide an analytical framework for scenarios in which the treatment effect…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-09-25 Avi Kenny , Emily Voldal , Fan Xia , Patrick J. Heagerty , James P. Hughes

We propose a test-based elastic integrative analysis of the randomized trial and real-world data to estimate treatment effect heterogeneity with a vector of known effect modifiers. When the real-world data are not subject to bias, our…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-11-30 Shu Yang , Chenyin Gao , Donglin Zeng , Xiaofei Wang

Causal learning is the key to obtaining stable predictions and answering \textit{what if} problems in decision-makings. In causal learning, it is central to seek methods to estimate the average treatment effect (ATE) from observational…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-12-07 Yiyan Huang , Cheuk Hang Leung , Qi Wu , Xing Yan

Average Treatment Effect (ATE) estimation is a well-studied problem in causal inference. However, it does not necessarily capture the heterogeneity in the data, and several approaches have been proposed to tackle the issue, including…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-19 Raghavendra Addanki , Siddharth Bhandari

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a significant mental health challenge that affects individuals exposed to traumatic events. Early detection and effective intervention for PTSD are crucial, as it can lead to long-term psychological…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-19 Ayesha Siddiqua , Atib Mohammad Oni , Abu Saleh Musa Miah , Jungpil Shin

Deep learning-based low-dose computed tomography reconstruction methods already achieve high performance on standard image quality metrics like peak signal-to-noise ratio and structural similarity index measure. Yet, they frequently fail to…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-11 Necati Sefercioglu , Mehmet Ozan Unal , Metin Ertas , Isa Yildirim

Developing tools for estimating heterogeneous treatment effects (HTE) and individualized treatment effects has been an area of active research in recent years. While these tools have proven to be useful in many contexts, a concern when…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-03-07 Mahsa Ashouri , Nicholas C. Henderson

With an increasing focus on precision medicine in medical research, numerous studies have been conducted in recent years to clarify the relationship between treatment effects and patient characteristics. The treatment effects for patients…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-09-22 Ke Wan , Kensuke Tanioka , Toshio Shimokawa

Clustering and dependence are common in trials. For example, in some cluster randomized trials (CRTs), pre-existing clusters are enrolled, randomized, and serve as the basis of intervention delivery. Such CRTs are "fully clustered":…

Recent advances in dynamic treatment regimes (DTRs) facilitate the search for optimal treatments, which are tailored to individuals' specific needs and able to maximize their expected clinical benefits. However, existing algorithms relying…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-10-18 Hanwen Ye , Wenzhuo Zhou , Ruoqing Zhu , Annie Qu

We investigate the problem of estimating the average treatment effect (ATE) under a very general setup where the covariates can be high-dimensional, highly correlated, and can have sparse nonlinear effects on the propensity and outcome…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-08-26 Jianqing Fan , Soham Jana , Sanjeev Kulkarni , Qishuo Yin

Cognitive training for sustained attention and working memory is vital across domains relying on robust mental capacity such as education or rehabilitation. Adaptive systems are essential, dynamically matching difficulty to user ability to…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-02-19 Dominik Szczepaniak , Monika Harvey , Fani Deligianni

Heterogeneous treatment effects (HTE) based on patients' genetic or clinical factors are of significant interest to precision medicine. Simultaneously modeling HTE and corresponding main effects for randomized clinical trials with…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-02-06 Heng Chen , Michael L. LeBlanc , James Y. Dai

In modern statistics, interests shift from pursuing the uniformly minimum variance unbiased estimator to reducing mean squared error (MSE) or residual squared error. Shrinkage based estimation and regression methods offer better prediction…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-02-25 Tianyu Zhan , Haoda Fu , Jian Kang

Objective: To develop and interpret a supervised variational autoencoder (VAE) model for classifying cardiotocography (CTG) signals based on pregnancy outcomes, addressing interpretability limits of current deep learning approaches.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-09 John Tolladay , Beth Albert , Gabriel Davis Jones

Accurately predicting conditional average treatment effects (CATEs) is crucial in personalized medicine and digital platform analytics. Since the treatments of interest often cannot be directly randomized, observational data is leveraged to…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-11-05 Miruna Oprescu , Nathan Kallus

In this paper, we develop a multiply robust inference procedure of the average treatment effect (ATE) for data with high-dimensional covariates. We consider the case where it is difficult to correctly specify a single parametric model for…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-09-03 Xintao Xia , Yumou Qiu

Objective. Electroencephalography (EEG) data is derived by sampling continuous neurological time series signals. In order to prepare EEG signals for machine learning, the signal must be divided into manageable segments. The current naive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-29 Johnson Zhou , Joseph West , Krista A. Ehinger , Zhenming Ren , Sam E. John , David B. Grayden

This paper presents a deep learning framework for image classification aimed at increasing predictive performance for Cytotoxic Edema (CE) diagnosis in infants and children. The proposed framework includes two 3D network architectures…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-10-11 Henok Ghebrechristos , Stence Nicholas , David Mirsky , Gita Alaghband , Manh Huynh , Zackary Kromer , Ligia Batista , Brent ONeill , Steven Moulton , Daniel M. Lindberg