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In this chapter, we present the state of the art of the spectrum sensing techniques for cognitive radio networks as well and their comparisons. The rest of the chapter is organized as below: Section I.1, Section I.2, and Section I.3 present…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2017-10-10 Fatima Salahdine

21cm Intensity Mapping (IM) has been proposed about 15 years ago as a cost effective method to carry out cosmological surveys and to map the 3D distribution of matter in the universe, over a large range of post EoR redshifts, from z=0 to…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2022-04-01 Reza Ansari

It has become common to call this the "era of precision cosmology," and hence one rarely hears about the finiteness of the amount of information that is available for constraining cosmological parameters. Under the assumption that the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2016-04-20 Yin-Zhe Ma , Douglas Scott

In the next 30 years, a new generation of space and ground-based telescopes will permit to obtain multi-frequency observations of faint sources and, for the first time in human history, to achieve a deep, almost synoptical monitoring of the…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2018-07-20 Mauro D'Onofrio , Paola Marziani

Extracting the neutral hydrogen (HI) signal is a great challenge for cosmological 21cm experiments, both the astrophysical foregrounds and the receiver noise are typically several orders of magnitude greater than the 21cm signal. However,…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2019-06-14 Qizhi Huang , Fengquan Wu , Reza Ansari , Xuelei Chen

This work intends to provide a brief summary of some of the Galactic science issues for the next generation of very high energy (VHE) instruments. The latter is here generically understood, as an instrument or set of instruments providing…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 Diego F. Torres

A new generation of interferometric instruments is emerging which aim to use intensity mapping of redshifted $21\,$cm radiation to measure the large-scale structure of the Universe at $z\simeq 1-2$ over wide areas of sky. While these…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2017-08-16 Martin White , Nikhil Padmanabhan

We present an investigation of the horizon and its effect on global 21-cm observations and analysis. We find that the horizon cannot be ignored when modeling low frequency observations. Even if the sky and antenna beam are known exactly,…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2021-12-15 Neil Bassett , David Rapetti , Keith Tauscher , Bang D. Nhan , David D. Bordenave , Joshua J. Hibbard , Jack O. Burns

While decade-long research has clearly demonstrated the vast potential of radio frequency (RF) for many human sensing tasks, scaling this technology to large scenarios remained problematic with conventional approaches. Recently, researchers…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-07-07 Isura Nirmal , Abdelwahed Khamis , Mahbub Hassan , Wen Hu , Xiaoqing Zhu

We present a framework for forecasting cosmological constraints from future neutral hydrogen intensity mapping experiments at low to intermediate redshifts. In the process, we establish a simple way of comparing such surveys with optical…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-08 Philip Bull , Pedro G. Ferreira , Prina Patel , Mario G. Santos

Radio astronomy is facing critical challenges due to an ever-increasing human-made signal density filling up the radio spectrum. With the rise of satellites, mobile networks, and other wireless technologies, radio telescopes are struggling…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2025-12-24 Kaushal D. Buch , Thushara Gunaratne , Gregory Hellbourg , Cedric Viou , Benjamin Winkel

The redshifted 21-cm radiation from the atomic hydrogen (HI) provides an excellent direct probe to study the evolution of HI in IGM and thus reveal the nature of the first luminous objects, their evolution and role during Cosmic Dawn (CD)…

This paper focuses on the next detectors for gravitational wave astronomy which will be required after the current ground based detectors have completed their initial observations, and probably achieved the first direct detection of…

The first unbiased surveys for high-redshift galaxies in the submillimeter (submm) and far-infrared (FIR) wavebands have been made over the last two years. When combined with the intensity of extragalactic background radiation in the same…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Andrew W. Blain

This chapter describes the prospects for detecting the first black holes in our Universe, with a specific focus on instruments/telescopes that will come online within the next decade, including e.g. the SKA, WFIRST, EUCLID, JWST, and large…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2020-01-22 Mark Dijkstra

The introduction of low-frequency radio arrays over the coming decade is expected to revolutionize the study of the reionization epoch. Observation of the contrast in redshifted 21cm emission between a large HII region and the surrounding…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-11 Stuart Wyithe , Abraham Loeb , David Barnes

Widening cracks are appearing in the $\Lambda$CDM model and it is becoming increasingly clear that the standard cosmological model struggles to describe the full expansion history of the Universe as revealed by the Cosmic Microwave…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-09-03 Alexie Leauthaud , Adam Riess

While clearly the main scientific targets of ''z-machines" will be redshifted lines of carbon monoxide, there also exist other interesting applications. Here scientific and technological aspects of observing lines from CO and other species…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Karl M. Menten

Substantial progress in the field of the Local Interstellar Medium has been largely due to recent launches of space missions, mostly in the UV and X-ray domains, but also to ground-based observations, mainly in high resolution spectroscopy.…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 R. Ferlet

In this article, one first introduces the general landscape of the next generation of wireless communication systems (5G), including its drivers and requirements, and the candidate technologies that might help achieve its intended goals.…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2017-02-02 Nicola Marchetti