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Adversarial examples have pointed out Deep Neural Networks vulnerability to small local noise. It has been shown that constraining their Lipschitz constant should enhance robustness, but make them harder to learn with classical loss…

We derive upper bounds on the generalization error of learning algorithms based on their \emph{algorithmic transport cost}: the expected Wasserstein distance between the output hypothesis and the output hypothesis conditioned on an input…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-11-09 Jingwei Zhang , Tongliang Liu , Dacheng Tao

Generative adversarial networks (GANs) have received a tremendous amount of attention in the past few years, and have inspired applications addressing a wide range of problems. Despite its great potential, GANs are difficult to train.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-05-09 Zhimin Chen , Yuguang Tong

Generative autoencoders learn compact latent representations of data distributions through jointly optimized encoder--decoder pairs. In particular, Wasserstein autoencoders (WAEs) minimize a relaxed optimal transport (OT) objective, where…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Moritz Piening , Matthias Chung

Despite being impactful on a variety of problems and applications, the generative adversarial nets (GANs) are remarkably difficult to train. This issue is formally analyzed by \cite{arjovsky2017towards}, who also propose an alternative…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-03-06 Xiang Wei , Boqing Gong , Zixia Liu , Wei Lu , Liqiang Wang

We analyze two algorithms for approximating the general optimal transport (OT) distance between two discrete distributions of size $n$, up to accuracy $\varepsilon$. For the first algorithm, which is based on the celebrated Sinkhorn's…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2018-06-08 Pavel Dvurechensky , Alexander Gasnikov , Alexey Kroshnin

We propose a new formulation and learning strategy for computing the Wasserstein geodesic between two probability distributions in high dimensions. By applying the method of Lagrange multipliers to the dynamic formulation of the optimal…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-08 Shu Liu , Shaojun Ma , Yongxin Chen , Hongyuan Zha , Haomin Zhou

We propose an alternative to the standard GAN training approach, in which the discriminator is a binary classifier trained by cross-entropy to distinguish real samples from generated ones. Instead, we directly target the discrimination…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Mohammadreza Tavasoli Naeini , Ali Bereyhi , Morteza Noshad , Ben Liang , Alfred O. Hero

Recent studies have demonstrated the vulnerability of deep convolutional neural networks against adversarial examples. Inspired by the observation that the intrinsic dimension of image data is much smaller than its pixel space dimension and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-11-19 Yao Li , Martin Renqiang Min , Wenchao Yu , Cho-Jui Hsieh , Thomas C. M. Lee , Erik Kruus

We study the fundamental computational problem of approximating optimal transport (OT) equations using neural differential equations (Neural ODEs). More specifically, we develop a novel framework for approximating unbalanced optimal…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-05-21 Minh-Nhat Phung , Minh-Binh Tran

Defining meaningful distances between samples in a dataset is a fundamental problem in machine learning. Optimal Transport (OT) lifts a distance between features (the "ground metric") to a geometrically meaningful distance between samples.…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-07-20 Geert-Jan Huizing , Laura Cantini , Gabriel Peyré

Flow Matching (FM) generative models offer efficient simulation-free training and deterministic sampling, but their practical deployment is challenged by high-precision parameter requirements. We adapt optimal transport (OT)-based…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-17 Dara Varam , Diaa A. Abuhani , Imran Zualkernan , Raghad AlDamani , Lujain Khalil

We investigate the optimal transport problem between probability measures when the underlying cost function is understood to satisfy a least action principle, also known as a Lagrangian cost. These generalizations are useful when connecting…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Aram-Alexandre Pooladian , Carles Domingo-Enrich , Ricky T. Q. Chen , Brandon Amos

Nosie is an important cause of low quality Optical coherence tomography (OCT) image. The neural network model based on Convolutional neural networks(CNNs) has demonstrated its excellent performance in image denoising. However, OCT image…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-05-03 Jie Du , Xujian Yang , Kecheng Jin , Xuanzheng Qi , Hu Chen

The study of quantum generative models is well-motivated, not only because of its importance in quantum machine learning and quantum chemistry but also because of the perspective of its implementation on near-term quantum machines. Inspired…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-11-04 Shouvanik Chakrabarti , Yiming Huang , Tongyang Li , Soheil Feizi , Xiaodi Wu

It is well known that the generative adversarial nets (GANs) are remarkably difficult to train. The recently proposed Wasserstein GAN (WGAN) creates principled research directions towards addressing these issues. But we found in practice…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-12-04 Lijun Zhang , Yujin Zhang , Yongbin Gao

Generative Adversarial Networks (GAN) can achieve promising performance on learning complex data distributions on different types of data. In this paper, we first show a straightforward extension of existing GAN algorithm is not applicable…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-10-16 Chun-Liang Li , Manzil Zaheer , Yang Zhang , Barnabas Poczos , Ruslan Salakhutdinov

Optimal transport distances are powerful tools to compare probability distributions and have found many applications in machine learning. Yet their algorithmic complexity prevents their direct use on large scale datasets. To overcome this…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-10-14 Kilian Fatras , Younes Zine , Rémi Flamary , Rémi Gribonval , Nicolas Courty

Generative adversarial networks (GANs) are an exciting alternative to algorithms for solving density estimation problems---using data to assess how likely samples are to be drawn from the same distribution. Instead of explicitly computing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-09-20 Christopher Grimm , Yuhang Song , Michael L. Littman

Generative Design (GD) combines artificial intelligence (AI), physics-based modeling, and multi-objective optimization to autonomously explore and refine engineering designs. Despite its promise in aerospace, automotive, and other…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2025-11-24 Sergio Torregrosa , David Munoz , Hector Navarro , Charbel Farhat , Francisco Chinesta