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Related papers: Runtime Verification over Out-of-order Streams

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Rule-based temporal query languages provide the expressive power and flexibility required to capture in a natural way complex analysis tasks over streaming data. Stream processing applications, however, typically require near real-time…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-11-16 Alessandro Ronca , Mark Kaminski , Bernardo Cuenca Grau , Ian Horrocks

Neural networks are increasingly applied to support decision making in safety-critical applications (like autonomous cars, unmanned aerial vehicles and face recognition based authentication). While many impressive static verification…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-07 Guoliang Dong , Jun Sun , Jingyi Wang , Xinyu Wang , Ting Dai

Ensuring the resilience of computer-based railways is increasingly crucial to account for uncertainties and changes due to the growing complexity and criticality of those systems. Although their software relies on strict verification and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-04 Francesco Vitale , Tommaso Zoppi , Francesco Flammini , Nicola Mazzocca

Fault injections are increasingly used to attack/test secure applications. In this paper, we define formal models of runtime monitors that can detect fault injections that result in test inversion attacks and arbitrary jumps in the control…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-09-23 Ali Kassem , Yliès Falcone

Autonomous and robotic systems are increasingly being trusted with sensitive activities with potentially serious consequences if that trust is broken. Runtime verification techniques present a natural source of inspiration for monitoring…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-10-05 Robert Abela , Christian Colombo , Axel Curmi , Mattea Fenech , Mark Vella , Angelo Ferrando

As modern software systems grow in complexity and operate in dynamic environments, the need for runtime analysis techniques becomes a more critical part of the verification and validation process. Runtime verification monitors the runtime…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Cristina Stratan , Claudio Mandrioli , Domenico Bianculli

Monitoring programs for finite state properties is challenging due to high memory and execution time overheads it incurs. Some events if skipped or lost naturally can reduce both overheads, but lead to uncertainty about the current monitor…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2020-04-10 Peeyush Kushwaha , Rahul Purandare , Matthew B. Dwyer

Verifying specifications for large-scale control systems is of utmost importance, but can be hard in practice as most formal verification methods can not handle high-dimensional dynamics. Contract theory has been proposed as a modular…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-11-03 Miel Sharf , Bart Besselink , Karl Henrik Johansson

Metric Temporal Logic (MTL) is a popular formalism to specify temporal patterns with timing constraints over the behavior of cyber-physical systems with application areas ranging in property-based testing, robotics, optimization, and…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2026-03-11 Dogan Ulus

First-order logic has been established as an important tool for modeling and verifying intricate systems such as distributed protocols and concurrent systems. These systems are parametric in the number of nodes in the network or the number…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2024-08-21 Raz Lotan , Eden Frenkel , Sharon Shoham

Runtime verification, also known as runtime monitoring, consists of checking whether a system satisfies a given specification by observing the trace it produces during its execution. It is used as a lightweight verification technique to…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2025-06-09 Luca Aceto , Antonis Achilleos , Duncan Paul Attard , Léo Exibard , Adrian Francalanza , Anna Ingólfsdóttir , Karoliina Lehtinen

Timed B\"uchi automata provide a very expressive formalism for expressing requirements of real-time systems. Online monitoring and active testing of embedded real-time systems can then be achieved by symbolic execution of such automata on…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2025-07-30 Martin Fränzle , Thomas M. Grosen , Kim G. Larsen , Martin Zimmermann

In this paper we consider the specification and verification of infinite-state systems using temporal logic. In particular, we describe parameterised systems using a new variety of first-order temporal logic that is both powerful enough for…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Clare Dixon , Michael Fisher , Boris Konev , Alexei Lisitsa

The deterministic (timing) behavior of real-time systems (RTS) can be used by adversaries - say, to launch side channel attacks or even destabilize the system by denying access to critical resources. We propose a protocol (named REORDER) to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-04-10 Chien-Ying Chen , Monowar Hasan , AmirEmad Ghassami , Sibin Mohan , Negar Kiyavash

We abstract the core logical functions from applications that require ultra-low-latency wireless communications to provide a novel definition for reliability. Real-time applications -- such as intelligent transportation, remote surgery, and…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-08-19 Rebal Jurdi , Jeffrey G. Andrews , Robert W. Heath

This paper presents a {theoretical study} of the problem of verifying linearizability at runtime, where one seeks for a concurrent algorithm for verifying that the current execution of a given concurrent shared object implementation is…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-11-14 Armando Castañeda , Gilde Valeria Rodríguez

Runtime Monitoring is a lightweight and dynamic verification technique that involves observing the internal operations of a software system and/or its interactions with other external entities, with the aim of determining whether the system…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2017-08-25 Ian Cassar , Adrian Francalanza , Luca Aceto , Anna Ingólfsdóttir

There is a growing cross-disciplinary effort in the broad domain of optimization and learning with streams of data, applied to settings where traditional batch optimization techniques cannot produce solutions at time scales that match the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-11-29 Emiliano Dall'Anese , Andrea Simonetto , Stephen Becker , Liam Madden

Runtime monitoring checks, during execution, whether a partial signal produced by a hybrid system satisfies its specification. Signal First-Order Logic (SFO) offers expressive real-time specifications over such signals, but currently comes…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2026-03-04 Marek Chalupa , Thomas A. Henzinger , N. Ege Saraç , Emily Yu

We propose a dynamic verification framework for protocols in real-time distributed systems. The framework is based on Scribble, a tool-chain for design and verification of choreographies based on multiparty session types, developed with our…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2014-08-27 Rumyana Neykova , Laura Bocchi , Nobuko Yoshida