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Well-conditioned boundary integral methods for the solution of elliptic boundary value problems (BVPs) are powerful tools for static and dynamic physical simulations. When there are many close-to-touching boundaries (eg, in complex fluids)…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2021-09-21 David B. Stein , Alex H. Barnett

Neural networks are increasingly used to construct numerical solution methods for partial differential equations. In this expository review, we introduce and contrast three important recent approaches attractive in their simplicity and…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2021-04-15 Jan Blechschmidt , Oliver G. Ernst

The numerical solution of differential equations using neural networks has become a central topic in scientific computing, with Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) emerging as a powerful paradigm for both forward and inverse problems.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-28 Kazuaki Tanaka , Kohei Yatabe

We develop a weak adversarial approach to solving obstacle problems using neural networks. By employing (generalised) regularised gap functions and their properties we rewrite the obstacle problem (which is an elliptic variational…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-11-28 Amal Alphonse , Michael Hintermüller , Alexander Kister , Chin Hang Lun , Clemens Sirotenko

We analyze a hybrid method that enriches coarse grid finite element solutions with fine scale fluctuations obtained from a neural network. The idea stems from the Deep Neural Network Multigrid Solver (DNN-MG), (Margenberg et al., J Comput…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2023-10-18 Uladzislau Kapustsin , Utku Kaya , Thomas Richter

In this paper we study probabilistic and neural network approximations for solutions to Poisson equation subject to Holder data in general bounded domains of $\mathbb{R}^d$. We aim at two fundamental goals. The first, and the most…

Probability · Mathematics 2024-08-13 Lucian Beznea , Iulian Cimpean , Oana Lupascu-Stamate , Ionel Popescu , Arghir Zarnescu

The aim of this note is to construct a neural network for which the linear finite element approximation of a simple one dimensional boundary value problem is a minimum of the cost function to find out if the neural network is able to…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-05-20 Julia Novo , Eduardo Terrés

The aim of this paper is to find the numerical solutions of the second order linear and nonlinear differential equations with Dirichlet, Neumann and Robin boundary conditions. We use the Bernoulli polynomials as linear combination to the…

Numerical Analysis · Computer Science 2023-05-31 Md. Shafiqul Islam , Afroza Shirin

The aim of this article is to analyze numerical schemes using two-layer neural networks with infinite width for the resolution of the high-dimensional Poisson-Neumann partial differential equations (PDEs) with Neumann boundary conditions.…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2023-07-14 Mathias Dus , Virginie Ehrlacher

In a multidimensional infinite layer bounded by two hyperplanes, the Poisson equation with the polynomial right-hand side is considered. It is shown that the Dirichlet boundary value problem and the mixed Dirichlet-Neumann boundary value…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2017-10-17 Oleg D. Algazin

We proposed a framework for solving inverse problems in differential equations based on neural networks and automatic differentiation. Neural networks are used to approximate hidden fields. We analyze the source of errors in the framework…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-12-20 Kailai Xu , Eric Darve

Batch normalization (BN) is a popular and ubiquitous method in deep learning that has been shown to decrease training time and improve generalization performance of neural networks. Despite its success, BN is not theoretically well…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-21 Susanna Lange , Kyle Helfrich , Qiang Ye

In this contribution we develop a cut finite element method with boundary value correction of the type originally proposed by Bramble, Dupont, and Thomee. The cut finite element method is a fictitious domain method with Nitsche type…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2015-07-14 Erik Burman , Peter Hansbo , Mats G. Larson

We introduce an evidence-driven Bayesian formulation of physics-informed neural networks that enables automatic optimization of loss weights between PDE residuals, boundary conditions, and observational data. Unlike existing Bayesian PINN…

Computational Physics · Physics 2026-05-29 Krzysztof M. Graczyk , Kornel Witkowski

In this study, we propose a new numerical scheme for physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) that enables precise and inexpensive solution for partial differential equations (PDEs) in case of arbitrary geometries while strictly enforcing…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-07-30 Hamed Saidaoui , Luis Espath , Rául Tempone

This paper investigates the existence of positive solutions for regular discrete second-order single-variable boundary value problems with mixed boundary conditions, including a nonhomogeneous Dirichlet boundary condition, of the form:…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2025-06-23 Shalmali Bandyopadhyay , Kyle Byassee , Curt Lynch

In Boundary Element Method, Green's function with no boundary conditions is used for solving Laplace's equation with Dirichlet boundary condition. To determine the gradient of solution on the boundary, we need to solve the boundary integral…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2011-11-29 Harry Yosh

We develop a randomized Newton's method for solving differential equations, based on a fully connected neural network discretization. In particular, the randomized Newton's method randomly chooses equations from the overdetermined nonlinear…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2019-12-09 Qipin Chen , Wenrui Hao

A novel multi-level method for partial differential equations with uncertain parameters is proposed. The principle behind the method is that the error between grid levels in multi-level methods has a spatial structure that is by good…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2020-04-29 Yous van Halder , Benjamin Sanderse , Barry Koren

Many problems in science and engineering can be represented by a set of partial differential equations (PDEs) through mathematical modeling. Mechanism-based computation following PDEs has long been an essential paradigm for studying topics…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-21 Shudong Huang , Wentao Feng , Chenwei Tang , Jiancheng Lv