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We consider the problem of finding a local optimum for Max-Cut with FLIP-neighborhood, in which exactly one node changes the partition. Schaeffer and Yannakakis (SICOMP, 1991) showed PLS-completeness of this problem on graphs with unbounded…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2011-06-27 Robert Elsaesser , Tobias Tscheuschner

In a recent breakthrough result, Balliu et al. [FOCS'19] proved a deterministic $\Omega(\min(\Delta,\log n /\log \log n))$-round and a randomized $\Omega(\min(\Delta,\log \log n/\log \log \log n))$-round lower bound for the complexity of…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2020-02-20 Sebastian Brandt , Dennis Olivetti

In the $(G,H)$-isomorphism game, a verifier interacts with two non-communicating players (called provers) by privately sending each of them a random vertex from either $G$ or $H$, whose aim is to convince the verifier that two graphs $G$…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-04-24 Laura Mančinska , David E. Roberson , Antonios Varvitsiotis

In this paper, we propose algorithms for the graph isomorphism (GI) problem that are based on the eigendecompositions of the adjacency matrices. The eigenvalues of isomorphic graphs are identical. However, two graphs $ G_A $ and $ G_B $ can…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2019-08-14 Stefan Klus , Tuhin Sahai

Systems of polynomial equations over the complex or real numbers can be used to model combinatorial problems. In this way, a combinatorial problem is feasible (e.g. a graph is 3-colorable, hamiltonian, etc.) if and only if a related system…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-06-06 J. A. De Loera , J. Lee , S. Margulies , S. Onn

We propose an algorithm for solving of the graph isomorphism problem. Also, we introduce the new class of graphs for which the graph isomorphism problem can be solved polynomially using the algorithm.

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Rashit T. Faizullin , Alexander V. Prolubnikov

One of the cornerstones of the distributed complexity theory is the derandomization result by Chang, Kopelowitz, and Pettie [FOCS 2016]: any randomized LOCAL algorithm that solves a locally checkable labeling problem (LCL) can be…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2023-05-16 Sameep Dahal , Francesco d'Amore , Henrik Lievonen , Timothé Picavet , Jukka Suomela

In their seminal paper from 2004, Kuhn, Moscibroda, and Wattenhofer (KMW) proved a hardness result for several fundamental graph problems in the LOCAL model: For any (randomized) algorithm, there are input graphs with $n$ nodes and maximum…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2022-05-10 Corinna Coupette , Christoph Lenzen

The graph similarity problem, also known as approximate graph isomorphism or graph matching problem, has been extensively studied in the machine learning community, but has not received much attention in the algorithms community: Given two…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2018-02-26 Martin Grohe , Gaurav Rattan , Gerhard J. Woeginger

The study of Locally Checkable Labelings (LCLs) has led to a remarkably precise characterization of the distributed time complexities that can occur on bounded-degree trees. A central feature of this complexity landscape is the existence of…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Gustav Schmid

We investigate classical and quantum physics-based algorithms for solving the graph isomorphism problem. Our work integrates and extends previous work by Gudkov et al. (cond-mat/0209112) and by Rudolph (quant-ph/0206068). Gudkov et al.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Shiue-yuan Shiau , Robert Joynt , S. N. Coppersmith

Given two graphs $H$ and $G$, the Subgraph Isomorphism problem asks if $H$ is isomorphic to a subgraph of $G$. While NP-hard in general, algorithms exist for various parameterized versions of the problem: for example, the problem can be…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2013-08-27 Dániel Marx , Michał Pilipczuk

For graphs $G$ and $H$, a \emph{homomorphism} from $G$ to $H$ is an edge-preserving mapping from the vertex set of $G$ to the vertex set of $H$. For a fixed graph $H$, by \textsc{Hom($H$)} we denote the computational problem which asks…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2020-02-20 Karolina Okrasa , Paweł Rzążewski

In the Upper Degree-Constrained Partial Orientation problem we are given an undirected graph $G=(V,E)$, together with two degree constraint functions $d^-,d^+ : V \to \mathbb{N}$. The goal is to orient as many edges as possible, in such a…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2014-10-13 Marek Cygan , Tomasz Kociumaka

We study the problem of bi-chromatic coloring of hypergraphs in the LOCAL distributed model of computation. This problem can easily be solved by a randomized local algorithm with no communication. However, it is not known how to solve it…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2019-08-01 Dariusz R. Kowalski , Piotr Krysta

An impressive recent line of work has charted the complexity landscape of distributed graph algorithms. For many settings, it has been determined which time complexities exist, and which do not (in the sense that no local problem could have…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-05-28 Nicolas Bousquet , Laurent Feuilloley , Sébastien Zeitoun

Locally checkable labeling problems (LCLs) form the foundation of the modern theory of distributed graph algorithms. First introduced in the seminal paper by Naor and Stockmeyer [STOC 1993], these are graph problems that can be described by…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-02-23 Antonio Cruciani , Avinandan Das , Alesya Raevskaya , Jukka Suomela

The group isomorphism problem asks whether two finite groups given by their Cayley tables are isomorphic or not. Although there are polynomial-time algorithms for some specific group classes, the best known algorithm for testing isomorphism…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2026-03-10 Saveliy V. Skresanov

The local minimum degree of a graph is the minimum degree reached by means of a series of local complementations. In this paper, we investigate on this quantity which plays an important role in quantum computation and quantum error…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2016-10-11 Jérôme Javelle , Mehdi Mhalla , Simon Perdrix

One of the central models in distributed computing is Linial's LOCAL model [SIAM J. Comp. 1992]. Over time, researchers have studied distributed graph problems in the LOCAL model under slightly different assumptions, such as whether nodes…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Alkida Balliu , Sebastian Brandt , Fabian Kuhn , Dennis Olivetti , Timothé Picavet , Gustav Schmid