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In this paper, the defining properties of a valid measure of the dependence between two random variables are reviewed and complemented with two original ones, shown to be more fundamental than other usual postulates. While other popular…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-12-03 Gery Geenens , Pierre Lafaye de Micheaux

We introduce the coverage correlation coefficient, a novel nonparametric measure of statistical association designed to quantifies the extent to which two random variables have a joint distribution concentrated on a singular subset with…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-08-18 Xuzhi Yang , Mona Azadkia , Tengyao Wang

In his seminal work, Chatterjee (2021) introduced a novel correlation measure which is distribution-free, asymptotically normal, and consistent against all alternatives. In this paper, we study the probabilistic relationships between…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-02-21 Qingyang Zhang

In this paper, we propose a novel Euclidean-distance-based coefficient, named differential distance correlation, to measure the strength of dependence between a random variable $ Y \in \mathbb{R} $ and a random vector $ \boldsymbol{X} \in…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-12-16 Yixiao Liu , Pengjian Shang

Besides the classical distinction of correlation and dependence, many dependence measures bear further pitfalls in their application and interpretation. The aim of this paper is to raise and recall awareness of some of these limitations by…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-04-17 Björn Böttcher

This article proposes a new index for quantifying the degree of dependence between random vectors. The index takes values in [0,1] and equals zero if and only if the random vectors are sub-independent. Unlike mere uncorrelatedness,…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2026-05-19 Chuancun yin

We propose a coefficient of conditional dependence between two random variables $Y$ and $Z$ given a set of other variables $X_1,\ldots,X_p$, based on an i.i.d. sample. The coefficient has a long list of desirable properties, the most…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2021-03-30 Mona Azadkia , Sourav Chatterjee

The partial correlation coefficient is a commonly used measure to assess the conditional dependence between two random variables. We provide a thorough explanation of the partial copula, which is a natural generalization of the partial…

Methodology · Statistics 2017-06-13 Fabian Spanhel , Malte S. Kurz

Chatterjee's correlation coefficient has recently been proposed as a new association measure for bivariate random vectors that satisfies a number of desirable properties. Among these properties is the feature that the coefficient equals one…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2024-10-16 Axel Bücher , Holger Dette

Through computer simulations, we research several different measures of dependence, including Pearson's and Spearman's correlation coefficients, the maximal correlation, the distance correlation, a function of the mutual information called…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-03-16 Oona Rainio

The extension of bivariate measures of dependence to non-Euclidean spaces is a challenging problem. The non-linear nature of these spaces makes the generalisation of classical measures of linear dependence (such as the covariance) not…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2024-10-10 Meshal Abuqrais , Davide Pigoli

We suggest a dependence coefficient between a categorical variable and some general variable taking values in a metric space. We derive important theoretical properties and study the large sample behaviour of our suggested estimator.…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-10-03 Siegfried Hörmann , Daniel Strenger-Galvis

In this paper, we consider the problem of treating linear regression equation coefficients in the case of correlated predictors. It is shown that in general there are no natural ways of interpreting these coefficients similar to the case of…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2012-05-14 A. N. Varaksin , V. G. Panov

Recently, Chatterjee has introduced a new coefficient of correlation which has several natural properties. In particular, the coefficient attains its maximal value if and only if one variable is a measurable function of the other variable.…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2020-10-22 Sky Cao , Peter J. Bickel

Experimentally, certain degrees of freedom may appear classical because their quantum fluctuations are smaller than the experimental error associated with measuring them. An approximation to a fully quantum theory is described in which the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Arlen Anderson

Measuring a strength of dependence of random variables is an important problem in statistical practice. In this paper, we propose a new function valued measure of dependence of two random variables. It allows one to study and visualize…

Methodology · Statistics 2014-05-12 Teresa Ledwina

Distance correlation is a recent extension of Pearson's correlation, that characterises general statistical independence between Euclidean-space-valued random variables, not only linear relations. This review delves into how and when…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2020-09-30 Fernando Castro-Prado , Wenceslao González-Manteiga

In this paper, a robust non-parametric measure of statistical dependence, or correlation, between two random variables is presented. The proposed coefficient is a permutation-like statistic that quantifies how much the observed sample S_n :…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-07-27 Rami Mahdi

The quotient correlation is defined here as an alternative to Pearson's correlation that is more intuitive and flexible in cases where the tail behavior of data is important. It measures nonlinear dependence where the regular correlation…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2008-12-18 Zhengjun Zhang

Measuring the correlation (association) between two random variables is one of the important goals in statistical applications. In the literature, the covariance between two random variables is a widely used criterion in measuring the…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-10-30 Majid Asadi , Somayeh Zarezadeh