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Exoplanets that reside close to their host stars, and therefore receive substantial amounts of X-ray and ultraviolet radiation, are prone to suffer from strong atmospheric escape. This can lead to the creation of an envelope of escaping gas…

Due to their extremely small luminosity compared to the stars they orbit, planets outside our own Solar System are extraordinarily difficult to detect directly in optical light. Careful photometric monitoring of distant stars, however, can…

Astrometry is less sensitive to stellar activity than the radial velocity technique when attempting to detect Earth mass planets in the habitable zone of solar-type stars. This is due to a smaller number of physical processes affecting the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2022-03-30 Nadège Meunier , Anne-Marie Lagrange

In our solar system massive outer planets dominate in terms of both mass and angular momentum, but few such planets are among the more than 4000 currently confirmed exoplanets, and none of these have accurately determined densities. Here I…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-02-14 Derek Buzasi

Transits of bright stars offer a unique opportunity to study detailed properties of extrasolar planets that cannot be determined through radial-velocity observations. We propose a technique to find such systems using all-sky small-aperture…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 Joshua Pepper , Andrew Gould , D. L. DePoy

Although the main goal of the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (\textit{TESS}) is to search for new transiting exoplanets, its data can also be used to study in further detail already known systems. The \textit{TESS} bandpass is…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2022-05-04 Jayshil A. Patel , Néstor Espinoza

Planetary transits provide a unique opportunity to investigate the surface distributions of star spots. Our aim is to determine if, with continuous observation (such as the data that will be provided by the Kepler mission), we can in…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-04 J. Llama , M. Jardine , D. H. Mackay , R. Fares

Proxima Centauri has become the subject of intense study since the radial-velocity discovery by Anglada-Escud\'e et al. 2016 of a planet orbiting this nearby M-dwarf every ~ 11.2 days. If Proxima Centauri b transits its host star,…

We developed a dedicated statistical test for a massive detection of spot- and facula-crossing anomalies in multiple exoplanetary transit lightcurves, based on the frequentist $p$-value thresholding. This test was used to augment our…

The detection of transits is an efficient technique to uncover faint companions around stars. The full characterisation of the companions (M-type stars, brown dwarfs or exoplanets) requires high-resolution spectroscopy to measure properly…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-12-18 J. Gallardo , D. Minniti , D. Valls-Gabaud , M. Rejkuba

There is a unique solution of the planet and star parameters from a planet transit light curve with two or more transits if the planet has a circular orbit and the light curve is observed in a band pass where limb darkening is negligible.…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 Sara Seager , Gabriela Mallen-Ornelas

The detection of thousands of extrasolar planets by the transit method naturally raises the question of whether potential extrasolar observers could detect the transits of the Solar System planets. We present a comprehensive analysis of the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2017-09-08 R. Wells , K. Poppenhaeger , C. A. Watson , R. Heller

The transit method, employed by MOST, \emph{Kepler}, and various ground-based surveys has enabled the characterization of extrasolar planets to unprecedented precision. These results are precise enough to begin to measure planet atmosphere…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2017-08-23 Hilding R. Neilson , Joseph T. McNeil , Richard Ignace , John B. Lester

Ground-based observations of exoplanet eclipses provide important clues to the planets' atmospheric physics, yet systematics in light curve analyses are not fully understood. It is unknown if measurements suggesting near-infrared flux…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-15 Justin C. Rogers , Mercedes Lopez-Morales , Daniel Apai , Elisabeth Adams

Near-infrared photometry of transiting extrasolar planets can be of great scientific value. It is however not straightforward to reach the necessary millimagnitude precision. Here we report on our attempts to observe transits and secondary…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Ignas Snellen

Spectral retrieval techniques are currently our best tool to interpret the observed exoplanet atmospheric data. Said techniques retrieve the optimal atmospheric components and parameters by identifying the best fit to an observed…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-10-21 Kai Hou Yip , Ingo P. Waldmann , Angelos Tsiaras , Giovanna Tinetti

We present the results of simulations on the detectability of $O_2$ in the atmosphere of Earth twins around nearby low mass stars using high resolution transmission spectroscopy. We explore such detectability with each of the three upcoming…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-18 Florian Rodler , Mercedes Lopez-Morales

Next-generation missions designed to detect biosignatures on exoplanets will also be capable of placing constraints on technosignatures (evidence for technological life) on these same worlds. Here, I estimate the detectability of nightside…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2022-03-02 Thomas G. Beatty

Open clusters potentially provide an ideal environment for the search for transiting extrasolar planets since they feature a relatively large number of stars of the same known age and metallicity at the same distance. With this motivation,…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 K. von Braun , B. L. Lee , S. Seager , H. K. C. Yee , G. Mallen-Ornelas , M. D. Gladders

We present refined values for the physical parameters of transiting exoplanets, based on a self-consistent and uniform analysis of transit light curves and the observable properties of the host stars. Previously it has been difficult to…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 G. Torres , J. N. Winn , M. J. Holman