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With the exponential rise in user-generated web content on social media, the proliferation of abusive languages towards an individual or a group across the different sections of the internet is also rapidly increasing. It is very…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-03-24 Prashant Kapil , Asif Ekbal

Machine Learning (ML) is increasingly applied in real-life scenarios, raising concerns about bias in automatic decision making. We focus on bias as a notion of opinion exclusion, that stems from the direct application of traditional ML…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-07 Agathe Balayn , Alessandro Bozzon

The rapid growth of social media has amplified the spread of offensive, violent, and vulgar speech, which poses serious societal and cybersecurity concerns. Detecting such content in Arabic text is particularly complex due to limited…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Aisha Alansari , Hamzah Luqman

Hate speech, offensive language, aggression, racism, sexism, and other abusive language are common phenomena in social media. There is a need for Artificial Intelligence(AI)based intervention which can filter hate content at scale. Most…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-13 Prashant Kapil , Asif Ekbal

This paper describes our participation in the DEtection of TOXicity in comments In Spanish (DETOXIS) shared task 2021 at the 3rd Workshop on Iberian Languages Evaluation Forum. The shared task is divided into two related classification…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-11-09 Angel Felipe Magnossão de Paula , Ipek Baris Schlicht

The rapid growth of social media platforms has raised significant concerns regarding online content toxicity. When Large Language Models (LLMs) are used for toxicity detection, two key challenges emerge: 1) the absence of domain-specific…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Yibo Zhao , Jiapeng Zhu , Can Xu , Yao Liu , Xiang Li

Harmful content detection models tend to have higher false positive rates for content from marginalized groups. In the context of marginal abuse modeling on Twitter, such disproportionate penalization poses the risk of reduced visibility,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-13 Kyra Yee , Alice Schoenauer Sebag , Olivia Redfield , Emily Sheng , Matthias Eck , Luca Belli

Social media platforms have a vital role in the modern world, serving as conduits for communication, the exchange of ideas, and the establishment of networks. However, the misuse of these platforms through toxic comments, which can range…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Mukaffi Bin Moin , Pronay Debnath , Usafa Akther Rifa , Rijeet Bin Anis

The evolution of digital communication systems and the designs of online platforms have inadvertently facilitated the subconscious propagation of toxic behavior. Giving rise to reactive responses to toxic behavior. Toxicity in online…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Smita Khapre , Melkamu Abay Mersha , Hassan Shakil , Jonali Baruah , Jugal Kalita

User posts whose perceived toxicity depends on the conversational context are rare in current toxicity detection datasets. Hence, toxicity detectors trained on existing datasets will also tend to disregard context, making the detection of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-11-22 Alexandros Xenos , John Pavlopoulos , Ion Androutsopoulos , Lucas Dixon , Jeffrey Sorensen , Leo Laugier

Hate Speech has become a major content moderation issue for online social media platforms. Given the volume and velocity of online content production, it is impossible to manually moderate hate speech related content on any platform. In…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-01-28 Sudhanshu Mishra , Shivangi Prasad , Shubhanshu Mishra

Transformer-based language models are able to generate fluent text and be efficiently adapted across various natural language generation tasks. However, language models that are pretrained on large unlabeled web text corpora have been shown…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-07-28 Farshid Faal , Ketra Schmitt , Jia Yuan Yu

The presence of toxic content has become a major problem for many online communities. Moderators try to limit this problem by implementing more and more refined comment filters, but toxic users are constantly finding new ways to circumvent…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-12-06 Éloi Brassard-Gourdeau , Richard Khoury

The dissemination of online hate speech can have serious negative consequences for individuals, online communities, and entire societies. This and the large volume of hateful online content prompted both practitioners', i.e., in content…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-14 Julian Bäumler , Louis Blöcher , Lars-Joel Frey , Xian Chen , Markus Bayer , Christian Reuter

Social media platforms, while enabling global connectivity, have become hubs for the rapid spread of harmful content, including hate speech and fake narratives \cite{davidson2017automated, shu2017fake}. The Faux-Hate shared task focuses on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-19 Yash Bhaskar , Sankalp Bahad , Parameswari Krishnamurthy

The spectacular expansion of the Internet has led to the development of a new research problem in the field of natural language processing: automatic toxic comment detection, since many countries prohibit hate speech in public media. There…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-09-18 Ashwin Geet D'Sa , Irina Illina , Dominique Fohr

Platforms that support online commentary, from social networks to news sites, are increasingly leveraging machine learning to assist their moderation efforts. But this process does not typically provide feedback to the author that would…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-02-12 Leo Laugier , John Pavlopoulos , Jeffrey Sorensen , Lucas Dixon

Abusive language is a massive problem in online social platforms. Existing abusive language detection techniques are particularly ill-suited to comments containing heterogeneous abusive language patterns, i.e., both abusive and non-abusive…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-05-25 Hongyu Gong , Alberto Valido , Katherine M. Ingram , Giulia Fanti , Suma Bhat , Dorothy L. Espelage

Understanding toxicity in user conversations is undoubtedly an important problem. Addressing "covert" or implicit cases of toxicity is particularly hard and requires context. Very few previous studies have analysed the influence of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-19 Atijit Anuchitanukul , Julia Ive , Lucia Specia

When trained on large, unfiltered crawls from the internet, language models pick up and reproduce all kinds of undesirable biases that can be found in the data: they often generate racist, sexist, violent or otherwise toxic language. As…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-10 Timo Schick , Sahana Udupa , Hinrich Schütze