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Recent results in language understanding using neural networks have required training hardware of unprecedentedscale, with thousands of chips cooperating on a single training run. This paper presents techniques to scaleML models on the…

MLPerf, an emerging machine learning benchmark suite strives to cover a broad range of applications of machine learning. We present a study on its characteristics and how the MLPerf benchmarks differ from some of the previous deep learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-08-27 Snehil Verma , Qinzhe Wu , Bagus Hanindhito , Gunjan Jha , Eugene B. John , Ramesh Radhakrishnan , Lizy K. John

Machine learning (ML) needs industry-standard performance benchmarks to support design and competitive evaluation of the many emerging software and hardware solutions for ML. But ML training presents three unique benchmarking challenges…

Machine-learning (ML) hardware and software system demand is burgeoning. Driven by ML applications, the number of different ML inference systems has exploded. Over 100 organizations are building ML inference chips, and the systems that…

This paper presents the first industry-standard open-source machine learning (ML) benchmark to allow perfor mance and accuracy evaluation of mobile devices with different AI chips and software stacks. The benchmark draws from the expertise…

Large-scale Ads recommendation and auction scoring models at Google scale demand immense computational resources. While specialized hardware like TPUs have improved linear algebra computations, bottlenecks persist in large-scale systems.…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-01-22 George Kurian , Somayeh Sardashti , Ryan Sims , Felix Berger , Gary Holt , Yang Li , Jeremiah Willcock , Kaiyuan Wang , Herve Quiroz , Abdulrahman Salem , Julian Grady

Recent years have seen the emergence of machine learning (ML) workloads deployed in warehouse-scale computing (WSC) settings, also known as ML fleets. As the computational demands placed on ML fleets have increased due to the rise of large…

We present MLPerf Automotive, the first standardized public benchmark for evaluating Machine Learning systems that are deployed for AI acceleration in automotive systems. Developed through a collaborative partnership between MLCommons and…

The plethora of complex artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms and available high performance computing (HPC) power stimulates the expeditious development of AI components with heterogeneous designs. Consequently, the need for cross-stack…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2021-03-16 Zhixiang Ren , Yongheng Liu , Tianhui Shi , Lei Xie , Yue Zhou , Jidong Zhai , Youhui Zhang , Yunquan Zhang , Wenguang Chen

Large Language Models (LLMs) continue to demonstrate superior performance with increasing scale, yet training models with billions to trillions of parameters requires staggering computational resources, e.g. a one-trillion-parameter…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Ajay Navilarekal Rajgopal , Nikolai Solmsdorf

Advancements in ultra-low-power tiny machine learning (TinyML) systems promise to unlock an entirely new class of smart applications. However, continued progress is limited by the lack of a widely accepted and easily reproducible benchmark…

Cycle-accurate simulators are widely used to study systolic accelerators, yet their accuracy and usability are often limited by weak validation against real hardware and poor integration with modern ML compiler stacks. This paper presents…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Jingtian Dang , Ritik Raj , Changhai Man , Jianming Tong , Tushar Krishna

Data parallel ML models can take several days or weeks to train on several accelerators. The long duration of training relies on the cluster of resources to be available for the job to keep running for the entire duration. On a mesh network…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-10 Sameer Kumar , Norm Jouppi

Rapid adoption of machine learning (ML) technologies has led to a surge in power consumption across diverse systems, from tiny IoT devices to massive datacenter clusters. Benchmarking the energy efficiency of these systems is crucial for…

Training deep learning models is compute-intensive and there is an industry-wide trend towards hardware specialization to improve performance. To systematically benchmark deep learning platforms, we introduce ParaDnn, a parameterized…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-23 Yu Emma Wang , Gu-Yeon Wei , David Brooks

LLM training is scaled up to 10Ks of GPUs by a mix of data-(DP) and model-parallel (MP) execution. Critical to achieving efficiency is tensor-parallel (TP; a form of MP) execution within tightly-coupled subsets of GPUs, referred to as a…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-04-09 Daiyaan Arfeen , Dheevatsa Mudigere , Ankit More , Bhargava Gopireddy , Ahmet Inci , Gregory R. Ganger

Speeding up the large-scale distributed training is challenging in that it requires improving various components of training including load balancing, communication, optimizers, etc. We present novel approaches for fast large-scale training…

The rapid scaling of Large Language Models (LLMs) has pushed training workloads far beyond the limits of single-node analysis, demanding a deeper understanding of how these models behave across large-scale, multi-GPU systems. In this paper,…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-09-22 Seokjin Go , Joongun Park , Spandan More , Hanjiang Wu , Irene Wang , Aaron Jezghani , Tushar Krishna , Divya Mahajan

Dramatic increases in the capabilities of neural network models in recent years are driven by scaling model size, training data, and corresponding computational resources. To develop the exceedingly large networks required in modern…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Jared Fernandez , Luca Wehrstedt , Leonid Shamis , Mostafa Elhoushi , Kalyan Saladi , Yonatan Bisk , Emma Strubell , Jacob Kahn
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