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One of the key challenges in current Reinforcement Learning (RL)-based Automated Driving (AD) agents is achieving flexible, precise, and human-like behavior cost-effectively. This paper introduces an innovative approach that uses large…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-12-30 Ziqi Zhou , Jingyue Zhang , Jingyuan Zhang , Yangfan He , Boyue Wang , Tianyu Shi , Alaa Khamis

This study addresses the challenges of dynamics and complexity in intelligent human-computer interaction and proposes a reinforcement learning-based optimization framework to improve long-term returns and overall experience. Human-computer…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-11-03 Rui Liu , Yifan Zhuang , Runsheng Zhang

This paper studies systematic exploration for reinforcement learning with rich observations and function approximation. We introduce a new model called contextual decision processes, that unifies and generalizes most prior settings. Our…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-12-02 Nan Jiang , Akshay Krishnamurthy , Alekh Agarwal , John Langford , Robert E. Schapire

The effectiveness of Large Language Models (LLMs) in solving tasks depends significantly on the quality of their instructions, which often require substantial human effort to craft. This underscores the need for automated instruction…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-05 Salma Kharrat , Fares Fourati , Marco Canini

Adaptivity, both of the individual agents and of the interaction structure among the agents, seems indispensable for scaling up multi-agent systems (MAS's) in noisy environments. One important consideration in designing adaptive agents is…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2007-05-23 David H. Wolpert , Sergey Kirshner , Chris J. Merz , Kagan Tumer

A burgeoning area within reinforcement learning (RL) is the design of sequential decision-making agents centered around large language models (LLMs). While autonomous decision-making agents powered by modern LLMs could facilitate numerous…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Dilip Arumugam , Thomas L. Griffiths

Bolstering multi-agent learning algorithms to tackle complex coordination and control tasks has been a long-standing challenge of on-going research. Numerous methods have been proposed to help reduce the effects of non-stationarity and…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2021-05-11 Austin Anhkhoi Nguyen

Reinforcement learning agents usually learn from scratch, which requires a large number of interactions with the environment. This is quite different from the learning process of human. When faced with a new task, human naturally have the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-05-22 Peng Zhang , Jianye Hao , Weixun Wang , Hongyao Tang , Yi Ma , Yihai Duan , Yan Zheng

Training a task-completion dialogue agent via reinforcement learning (RL) is costly because it requires many interactions with real users. One common alternative is to use a user simulator. However, a user simulator usually lacks the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-05-24 Baolin Peng , Xiujun Li , Jianfeng Gao , Jingjing Liu , Kam-Fai Wong , Shang-Yu Su

Language model (LM) agents have gained significant attention for their ability to autonomously complete tasks through interactions with environments, tools, and APIs. LM agents are primarily built with prompt engineering or supervised…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Renxi Wang , Rifo Ahmad Genadi , Bilal El Bouardi , Yongxin Wang , Fajri Koto , Zhengzhong Liu , Timothy Baldwin , Haonan Li

An agent assisting humans in daily living activities can collaborate more effectively by anticipating upcoming tasks. Data-driven methods represent the state of the art in task anticipation, planning, and related problems, but these methods…

To make good decisions in the real world people need efficient planning strategies because their computational resources are limited. Knowing which planning strategies would work best for people in different situations would be very useful…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-02-02 Saksham Consul , Lovis Heindrich , Jugoslav Stojcheski , Falk Lieder

Information retrieval (IR) systems have traditionally been designed and trained for human users, with learning-to-rank methods relying heavily on large-scale human interaction logs such as clicks and dwell time. With the rapid emergence of…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Yuqi Zhou , Sunhao Dai , Changle Qu , Liang Pang , Jun Xu , Ji-Rong Wen

Reinforcement learning agents have demonstrated remarkable achievements in simulated environments. Data efficiency poses an impediment to carrying this success over to real environments. The design of data-efficient agents calls for a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-09 Xiuyuan Lu , Benjamin Van Roy , Vikranth Dwaracherla , Morteza Ibrahimi , Ian Osband , Zheng Wen

Learning to coordinate is a daunting problem in multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL). Previous works have explored it from many facets, including cognition between agents, credit assignment, communication, expert demonstration, etc.…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2022-05-24 Yue Jin , Shuangqing Wei , Jian Yuan , Xudong Zhang

Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) algorithms are known to be data inefficient. One reason is that a DRL agent learns both the feature and the policy tabula rasa. Integrating prior knowledge into DRL algorithms is one way to improve learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-04-05 Gabriel V. de la Cruz , Yunshu Du , Matthew E. Taylor

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown remarkable advancements in tackling agent-oriented tasks. Despite their potential, existing work faces challenges when deploying LLMs in agent-based environments. The widely adopted agent paradigm…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-08 Keer Lu , Chong Chen , Xili Wang , Bin Cui , Yunhuai Liu , Wentao Zhang

A longstanding goal in character animation is to combine data-driven specification of behavior with a system that can execute a similar behavior in a physical simulation, thus enabling realistic responses to perturbations and environmental…

Graphics · Computer Science 2018-08-07 Xue Bin Peng , Pieter Abbeel , Sergey Levine , Michiel van de Panne

Team competition in multi-agent Markov games is an increasingly important setting for multi-agent reinforcement learning, due to its general applicability in modeling many real-life situations. Multi-agent actor-critic methods are the most…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2023-01-18 Paramita Koley , Aurghya Maiti , Niloy Ganguly , Sourangshu Bhattacharya

Skill-based reinforcement learning (RL) has emerged as a promising strategy to leverage prior knowledge for accelerated robot learning. Skills are typically extracted from expert demonstrations and are embedded into a latent space from…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-11-07 Krishan Rana , Ming Xu , Brendan Tidd , Michael Milford , Niko Sünderhauf