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Simulation testing is a fundamental approach for evaluating automated vehicles (AVs). To ensure its reliability, it is crucial to accurately replicate interactions between AVs and background traffic, which necessitates effective…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-12-19 Jia Hu , Junqi Li , Xuerun Yan , Jintao Lai , Lianhua An

Connected and autonomous vehicles (CAVs) are often discussed as a solution to pressing issues of the current transport systems, including congestion, safety, social inclusion and ecological sustainability. Scientifically, there is agreement…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-03-20 Celina Kacperski , Tobias Vogel , Florian Kutzner

Autonomous Vehicle (AV) technology is advancing rapidly, promising a significant shift in road transportation safety and potentially resolving various complex transportation issues. With the increasing deployment of AVs by various…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2023-12-11 Ahmed Abdelrahman

The development of Autonomous Vehicles (AVs) has made significant progress in the last years. An essential aspect in the development of AVs is the assessment of quality and performance aspects of the AVs, such as safety, comfort, and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-12-03 Erwin de Gelder , Olaf Op den Camp

Connected and autonomous vehicles (CAVs) will revolutionize tomorrow's intelligent transportation systems, being considered promising to improve transportation safety, traffic efficiency, and mobility. In fact, envisioned use cases of CAVs…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2023-10-17 Muhammad Baqer Mollah , Honggang Wang , Mohammad Ataul Karim , Hua Fang

Artificial intelligence for autonomous driving must meet strict requirements on safety and robustness. We propose to validate machine learning models for self-driving vehicles not only with given ground truth labels, but also with…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-11-30 Laura von Rueden , Tim Wirtz , Fabian Hueger , Jan David Schneider , Christian Bauckhage

For a successful market launch of automated vehicles (AVs), proof of their safety is essential. Due to the open parameter space, an infinite number of traffic situations can occur, which makes the proof of safety an unsolved problem. With…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-08-27 Thomas Ponn , Matthias Breitfuß , Xiao Yu , Frank Diermeyer

Automated vehicles (AVs) must be evaluated thoroughly before their release and deployment. A widely-used evaluation approach is the Naturalistic-Field Operational Test (N-FOT), which tests prototype vehicles directly on the public roads.…

Robotics · Computer Science 2016-11-18 Ding Zhao , Henry Lam , Huei Peng , Shan Bao , David J. LeBlanc , Kazutoshi Nobukawa , Christopher S. Pan

Safety is an essential aspect in the facilitation of automated vehicle deployment. Current testing practices are not enough, and going beyond them leads to infeasible testing requirements, such as needing to drive billions of kilometres on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-07-12 Felix Batsch , Alireza Daneshkhah , Madeline Cheah , Stratis Kanarachos , Anthony Baxendale

Scenario-based testing is envisioned as a key approach for the safety assurance of autonomous vehicles. In scenario-based testing, relevant (driving) scenarios are the basis of tests. Many recent works focus on specification, variation,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-07-12 Till Schallau , Stefan Naujokat , Fiona Kullmann , Falk Howar

Computing and intelligence are substantial requirements for the accurate performance of autonomous ground vehicles (AGVs). In this context, the use of cloud services in addition to onboard computers enhances computing and intelligence…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2020-08-12 Praveen Damacharla , Dhwani Mehta , Ahmad Y Javaid , Vijay K. Devabhaktuni

In this position paper, a novel approach to testing complex autonomous transportation systems (ATS) in the automotive, avionic, and railway domains is described. It is intended to mitigate some of the most critical problems regarding…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-10-26 Kerstin I. Eder , Wen-ling Huang , Jan Peleska

Traffic simulation is an efficient and cost-effective way to test Autonomous Vehicles (AVs) in a complex and dynamic environment. Numerous studies have been conducted for AV evaluation using traffic simulation over the past decades.…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-10-15 Pei Li , Arpan Kusari , David J. LeBlanc

The implementation of connected and automated vehicle (CAV) technologies enables a novel computational framework for real-time control actions aimed at optimizing energy consumption and associated benefits. Several research efforts reported…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2019-05-28 Liuhui Zhao , Andreas A. Malikopoulos , Jackeline Rios-Torres

Autonomous driving technology pledges safety, convenience, and energy efficiency. Challenges include the unknown intentions of other road users: communication between vehicles and with the road infrastructure is a possible approach to…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2018-04-12 Jacopo Guanetti , Yeojun Kim , Francesco Borrelli

Connected Autonomous Vehicles (CAVs) promise to reduce congestion in future urban networks, potentially by optimizing their routing decisions. Unlike for human drivers, these decisions can be made with collective, data-driven policies,…

Testing of autonomous systems is extremely important as many of them are both safety-critical and security-critical. The architecture and mechanism of such systems are fundamentally different from traditional control software, which appears…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-03-15 Qunying Song , Emelie Engström , Per Runeson

Connected autonomous vehicles (CAVs) promise to enhance safety, efficiency, and sustainability in urban transportation. However, this is contingent upon a CAV correctly predicting the motion of surrounding agents and planning its own motion…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-09-15 Jiankai Sun , Shreyas Kousik , David Fridovich-Keil , Mac Schwager

Artificial intelligence for autonomous driving must meet strict requirements on safety and robustness, which motivates the thorough validation of learned models. However, current validation approaches mostly require ground truth data and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-04-16 Laura von Rueden , Tim Wirtz , Fabian Hueger , Jan David Schneider , Nico Piatkowski , Christian Bauckhage

Against the backdrop of advancing science and technology, autonomous vehicle technology has emerged as a focal point of intense scrutiny within the academic community. Nevertheless, the challenge persists in guaranteeing the safety and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-07-03 JiaQi Luo