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To detect differences between the mean curves of two samples in longitudinal study or functional data analysis, we usually need to partition the temporal or spatial domain into several pre-determined sub-areas. In this paper we apply the…

Methodology · Statistics 2015-05-01 Peirong Xu , Youngjo Lee , Jian Qing Shi

We aim to develop simultaneous inference tools for the mean function of functional data from sparse to dense. First, we derive a unified Gaussian approximation to construct simultaneous confidence bands of mean functions based on the…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-02-01 Leheng Cai , Qirui Hu

We consider the problem of learning a classifier from observed functional data. Here, each data-point takes the form of a single time-series and contains numerous features. Assuming that each such series comes with a binary label, the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-02-25 Kristiaan Pelckmans , Hong-Li Zeng

The covariance structure of multivariate functional data can be highly complex, especially if the multivariate dimension is large, making extensions of statistical methods for standard multivariate data to the functional data setting…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-02-04 Javier Zapata , Sang-Yun Oh , Alexander Petersen

Functional data consist of trajectories observed over a continuous domain, such as time, space, or wavelength. Here we consider curves observed on different groups of subjects and propose a Bayesian multi-group functional factor analysis…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-04-02 Xuanye Dai , Anna Gottard , Michele Guindani , Marina Vannucci

Multi-fidelity models are of great importance due to their capability of fusing information coming from different numerical simulations, surrogates, and sensors. We focus on the approximation of high-dimensional scalar functions with low…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2023-09-13 Francesco Romor , Marco Tezzele , Markus Mrosek , Carsten Othmer , Gianluigi Rozza

Establishing causality is a fundamental goal in fields like medicine and social sciences. While randomized controlled trials are the gold standard for causal inference, they are not always feasible or ethical. Observational studies can…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2024-12-03 Andrew Ying

Graphical models express conditional independence relationships among variables. Although methods for vector-valued data are well established, functional data graphical models remain underdeveloped. We introduce a notion of conditional…

Methodology · Statistics 2016-01-06 Hongxiao Zhu , Nate Strawn , David B. Dunson

Multivariate functional data from a complex system are naturally high-dimensional and have complex cross-correlation structure. The complexity of data structure can be observed as that (1) some functions are strongly correlated with similar…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-04-12 Chen Zhang , Hao Yan , Seungho Lee , Jianjun Shi

Biological systems commonly exhibit complex spatiotemporal patterns whose underlying generative mechanisms pose a significant analytical challenge. Traditional approaches to spatiodynamic inference rely on dimensionality reduction through…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2025-08-01 Jun Won Park , Kangyu Zhao , Sanket Rane

We consider the analysis of continuous repeated measurement outcomes that are collected through time, also known as longitudinal data. A standard framework for analysing data of this kind is a linear Gaussian mixed-effects model within…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-04-10 Özgür Asar , David Bolin , Peter J. Diggle , Jonas Wallin

Factor analysis is a flexible technique for assessment of multivariate dependence and codependence. Besides being an exploratory tool used to reduce the dimensionality of multivariate data, it allows estimation of common factors that often…

Applications · Statistics 2020-05-08 Vitor G. C. da Silva , Kelly C. M. Gonçalves , João B. M. Pereira

We propose a new method for modelling simple longitudinal data. We aim to do this in a flexible manner (without restrictive assumptions about the shapes of individual trajectories), while exploiting structural similarities between the…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-09-24 Helen Ogden

Dynamical systems theory has long provided a foundation for understanding evolving phenomena across scientific domains. Yet, the application of this theory to complex real-world systems remains challenging due to issues in mathematical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Samuel A. Moore , Brian P. Mann , Boyuan Chen

Gaussian graphical models provide a powerful framework to reveal the conditional dependency structure between multivariate variables. The process of uncovering the conditional dependency network is known as structure learning. Bayesian…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-07-30 Lucas Vogels , Reza Mohammadi , Marit Schoonhoven , S. Ilker Birbil

Functional data analysis is typically performed in two steps: first, functionally representing discrete observations, and then applying functional methods to the so-represented data. The initial choice of a functional representation may…

Applications · Statistics 2024-05-15 Rani Basna , Hiba Nassar , Krzysztof Podgórski

Classification is a core topic in functional data analysis. A large number of functional classifiers have been proposed in the literature, most of which are based on functional principal component analysis or functional regression. In…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-10-14 Ruoxu Tan , Yiming Zang

In clinical practice and biomedical research, measurements are often collected sparsely and irregularly in time while the data acquisition is expensive and inconvenient. Examples include measurements of spine bone mineral density, cancer…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-08-05 Łukasz Kidziński , Trevor Hastie

We propose a computationally efficient inferential procedure for longitudinal function-on-function regression. The method follows a marginal three-step approach: (1) fit massive pointwise longitudinal scalar-on-function regression models,…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-05-04 Leif Verace , Siobhan McMahon , Erjia Cui

In modern contexts, some types of data are observed in high-resolution, essentially continuously in time. Such data units are best described as taking values in a space of functions. Subject units carrying the observations may have…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-07-21 Arkaprava Roy , Shubhashis Ghosal