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This paper considers the problem of predicting the number of events that have occurred in the past, but which are not yet observed due to a delay. Such delayed events are relevant in predicting the future cost of warranties, pricing…

Risk Management · Quantitative Finance 2019-03-27 Jonas Crevecoeur , Katrien Antonio , Roel Verbelen

With an ever evolving cyber domain, delays in reporting incidents are a well-known problem in the cyber insurance industry. Addressing this problem is a requisite to obtaining the true picture of cyber incident rates and to model it…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-02-04 Seema Sangari , Eric Dallal

Decision making often occurs in the presence of incomplete information, leading to the under- or overestimation of risk. Leveraging the observable information to learn the complete information is called nowcasting. In practice, incomplete…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-12-09 Paul Wilsens , Katrien Antonio , Gerda Claeskens

Accurate forecasting of an insurer's outstanding liabilities is vital for the solvency of insurance companies and the financial stability of the insurance sector. For health and disability insurance, the liabilities are intimately linked…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-08-12 K. Buchardt , C. Furrer , O. L. Sandqvist

The reporting delay in data breach incidents poses a formidable challenge for Incurred But Not Reported (IBNR) studies, complicating reserve estimation for actuarial professionals. This work presents a novel Bayesian nowcasting model…

Applications · Statistics 2024-07-29 Maochao Xu , Hong Sun , Peng Zhao

Driving events, such as maneuvers at slow speed and turns, are important for durability assessments of vehicle components. By counting the number of driving events, one can estimate the fatigue damage caused by the same kind of events.…

Applications · Statistics 2016-03-22 Roza Maghsood , Jonas Wallin

The Expectation Maximization (EM) algorithm is a versatile tool for model parameter estimation in latent data models. When processing large data sets or data stream however, EM becomes intractable since it requires the whole data set to be…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2012-10-18 Sylvain Le Corff , Gersende Fort

The EM algorithm is a generic tool that offers maximum likelihood solutions when datasets are incomplete with data values missing at random or completely at random. At least for its simplest form, the algorithm can be rewritten in terms of…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-09-25 Daniel A. Griffith

In high-stakes systems such as healthcare, it is critical to understand the causal reasons behind unusual events, such as sudden changes in patient's health. Unveiling the causal reasons helps with quick diagnoses and precise treatment…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-20 Yiling Kuang , Chao Yang , Yang Yang , Shuang Li

Due to the presence of reporting and settlement delay, claim data sets collected by non-life insurance companies are typically incomplete, facing right censored claim count and claim severity observations. Current practice in non-life…

Risk Management · Quantitative Finance 2023-02-10 Jonas Crevecoeur , Katrien Antonio , Stijn Desmedt , Alexandre Masquelein

Survival analysis is a statistical technique used to estimate the time until an event occurs. Although it is applied across a wide range of fields, adjusting for reporting delays under practical constraints remains a significant challenge…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-10-27 Yuta Shikuri , Hironori Fujisawa

We present a probabilistic model of events in continuous time in which each event triggers a Poisson process of successor events. The ensemble of observed events is thereby modeled as a superposition of Poisson processes. Efficient…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2012-03-19 Aleksandr Simma , Michael I. Jordan

This project works with the risk model developed by Li et al. (2015) and quests modelling, estimating and pricing insurance for risks brought in by innovative technologies, or other emerging or latent risks. The model considers two…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2019-05-20 Weihong Ni , Corina Constantinescu , Alfredo Egídio dos Reis , Véronique Maume-Deschamps

We study an EM algorithm for estimating product-term regression models with missing data. The study of such problems in the likelihood tradition has thus far been restricted to an EM algorithm method using full numerical integration.…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-11-16 Dale S. Kim

Complex biological processes are usually experimented along time among a collection of individuals. Longitudinal data are then available and the statistical challenge is to better understand the underlying biological mechanisms. The…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2015-06-11 Pierre Barbillon , Célia Barthélémy , Adeline Samson

In the last fifty years, researchers have developed statistical, data-driven, analytical, and algorithmic approaches for designing and improving emergency response management (ERM) systems. The problem has been noted as inherently difficult…

The Expectation--Maximization (EM) algorithm is a simple meta-algorithm that has been used for many years as a methodology for statistical inference when there are missing measurements in the observed data or when the data is composed of…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-11-15 Hideitsu Hino , Shotaro Akaho , Noboru Murata

Mixed-effects regression models represent a useful subclass of regression models for grouped data; the introduction of random effects allows for the correlation between observations within each group to be conveniently captured when…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-09-25 Jackson Zhou , John T. Ormerod , Clara Grazian

One difficulty for real-time tracking of epidemics is related to reporting delay. The reporting delay may be due to laboratory confirmation, logistic problems, infrastructure difficulties and so on. The ability to correct the available…

Modeling insurance claim amounts and classifying claims into different risk levels are critical yet challenging tasks. Traditional predictive models for insurance claims often overlook the valuable information embedded in claim…

Applications · Statistics 2024-10-08 Yanxi Hou , Xiaolan Xia , Guangyuan Gao
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