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Recent ALMA observations of high-redshift normal galaxies have been providing a great opportunity to clarify the general origin of dust in the Universe, not biased to very bright special objects even at $z>6$. To clarify what constraint we…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2016-11-22 W. -C. Wang , H. Hirashita , K. -C. Hou

We interpret recent ALMA observations of z > 6 normal star forming galaxies by means of a semi-numerical method, which couples the output of a cosmological hydrodynamical simulation with a chemical evolution model which accounts for the…

Stars form out of molecular gas and supply dust grains during their last evolutionary stages; in turn hydrogen molecules (H2) are produced more efficiently on dust grains. Therefore, dust can drastically accelerate H2 formation, leading to…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 H. Hirashita , A. Ferrara

The discoveries of huge amounts of dust and unusual extinction curves in high-redshift quasars (z > 4) cast challenging issues on the origin and properties of dust in the early universe. In this Letter, we investigate the evolutions of dust…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-06-23 Takaya Nozawa , Ryosuke S. Asano , Hiroyuki Hirashita , Tsutomu T. Takeuchi

In high-redshift ($z>5$) quasars, a large amount of dust ($\textstyle\sim 10^{8} \mathrm{M}_{\sun}$) has been observed. In order to explain the large dust content, we focus on a possibility that grain growth by the accretion of heavy…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-06-05 Tzu-Ming Kuo , Hiroyuki Hirashita

A combination of JWST observations at z~12-14 and ALMA observations of extremely dust-rich systems at z~6 has demonstrated that dust grows extremely fast in the early Universe, with galaxies amassing up to 10^7 Msun of dust in just 500 Myr…

We investigate the cosmological evolution of interstellar dust with a semi-analytical galaxy formation model ($\nu^2$GC), focusing on the evolution of grain size distribution. The model predicts the statistical properties of dust mass and…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2022-10-13 Ryu Makiya , Hiroyuki Hirashita

Dust-obscured star formation has dominated the cosmic history of star formation since z = 4. However, the recent finding of significant amount of dust in galaxies out to z = 8 has opened the new frontier of investigating the origin of dust…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2024-02-01 Raffaella Schneider , Roberto Maiolino

Dust has been detected in high-redshift ($z>5$) galaxies but its origin is still being debated. Dust production in high-redshift galaxies could be dominated by stellar production or by accretion (dust growth) in the interstellar medium.…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2021-09-08 Yen-Hsing Lin , Hiroyuki Hirashita , Peter Camps , Maarten Baes

We investigate the evolution of dust content in galaxies from redshifts z=0 to z=9.5. Using empirically motivated prescriptions, we model galactic-scale properties -- including halo mass, stellar mass, star formation rate, gas mass, and…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2018-02-21 Nia Imara , Abraham Loeb , Benjamin D. Johnson , Charlie Conroy , Peter Behroozi

The recent discovery of high redshift dusty galaxies implies a rapid dust enrichment of their interstellar medium (ISM). To interpret these observations, we run a cosmological simulation in a 30$h^{-1}$ cMpc/size volume down to $z \approx…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2020-03-31 L. Graziani , R. Schneider , M. Ginolfi , L. K. Hunt , U. Maio , M. Glatzle , B. Ciardi

A sizable fraction of the heavy elements synthesized by stars in galaxies condenses into sub-micron-sized solid-state particles, known as dust grains. Dust produces a wavelength-dependent attenuation, $A_\lambda$, of the galaxy emission,…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-08-19 V. Markov , S. Gallerani , A. Ferrara , A. Pallottini , E. Parlanti , F. Di Mascia , L. Sommovigo , M. Kohandel

We aim to measure the average dust and molecular gas content of massive star-forming galaxies ($\rm > 3 \times 10^{10}\,M_\odot$) up to z=4 in the COSMOS field to determine if the intense star formation observed at high redshift is induced…

We compute the evolution of interstellar dust in a hydrodynamic simulation of an isolated disc galaxy. We newly implement the evolution of full grain size distribution by sampling 32 grid points on the axis of the grain radius. We solve it…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2020-01-08 Shohei Aoyama , Hiroyuki Hirashita , Kentaro Nagamine

We model dust evolution in Milky Way-like galaxies by post-processing the IllustrisTNG cosmological hydrodynamical simulations in order to predict dust-to-gas ratios and grain size distributions. We treat grain-size-dependent dust growth…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2020-12-09 Yu-Hsiu Huang , Hiroyuki Hirashita , Yun-Hsin Hsu , Yen-Ting Lin , Dylan Nelson , Andrew P. Cooper

We present results on the dust attenuation of galaxies at redshift $\sim3-6$ by studying the relationship between the UV spectral slope ($\beta_{\rm UV}$) and the infrared excess (IRX; $L_{\rm IR}$/$L_{\rm UV}$) using ALMA far-infrared…

To discriminate between different dust formation processes is a key issue in order to understand its properties. We analysed six submillimeter galaxies at redshifts 4<z<5 and nine quasars at 5<z<6.4. We estimated their dust masses from…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2011-07-27 Michał J. Michałowski , Eric J. Murphy , Jens Hjorth , Darach Watson , Christa Gall , James S. Dunlop

Recent results have shown that a substantial fraction of high-redshift Lyman alpha galaxies contain considerable amounts of dust. This implies that Lyman alpha galaxies are not primordial, as has been thought in the past. However, this dust…

Full calculations of the evolution of grain size distribution in galaxies are in general computationally heavy. In this paper, we propose a simple model of dust enrichment in a galaxy with a simplified treatment of grain size distribution…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-06-23 Hiroyuki Hirashita

We investigate the abundance and properties (especially, grain size) of dust in galaxy halos using available observational data in the literature. There are two major sets of data. One is (i) the reddening curves at redshifts $z\sim 1$ and…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2020-10-28 Hiroyuki Hirashita , Chih-Yu Lin
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