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To train modern large DNN models, pipeline parallelism has recently emerged, which distributes the model across GPUs and enables different devices to process different microbatches in pipeline. Earlier pipeline designs allow multiple…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2022-08-23 Ziyue Luo , Xiaodong Yi , Guoping Long , Shiqing Fan , Chuan Wu , Jun Yang , Wei Lin

Maximizing training throughput and cost-efficiency of RL for LLMs is essential to democratize this advanced technique. One promising but challenging approach is to deploy such a computational workflow over heterogeneous GPUs. Unlike…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Ran Yan , Youhe Jiang , Tianyuan Wu , Jiaxuan Gao , Zhiyu Mei , Wei Fu , Haohui Mai , Wei Wang , Yi Wu , Binhang Yuan

In distributed deep learning with data parallelism, synchronizing gradients at each training step can cause a huge communication overhead, especially when many nodes work together to train large models. Local gradient methods, such as Local…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-15 Xinran Gu , Kaifeng Lyu , Sanjeev Arora , Jingzhao Zhang , Longbo Huang

Efficient task scheduling in large-scale distributed systems presents significant challenges due to dynamic workloads, heterogeneous resources, and competing quality-of-service requirements. Traditional centralized approaches face…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-03-27 Daniel Benniah John

We consider distributed optimization under communication constraints for training deep learning models. We propose a new algorithm, whose parameter updates rely on two forces: a regular gradient step, and a corrective direction dictated by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-29 Yunfei Teng , Wenbo Gao , Francois Chalus , Anna Choromanska , Donald Goldfarb , Adrian Weller

One of the key challenges in decentralized and federated learning is to design algorithms that efficiently deal with highly heterogeneous data distributions across agents. In this paper, we revisit the analysis of the popular Decentralized…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-24 Batiste Le Bars , Aurélien Bellet , Marc Tommasi , Erick Lavoie , Anne-Marie Kermarrec

Load imbalance pervasively exists in distributed deep learning training systems, either caused by the inherent imbalance in learned tasks or by the system itself. Traditional synchronous Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) achieves good…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-08-22 Shigang Li , Tal Ben-Nun , Salvatore Di Girolamo , Dan Alistarh , Torsten Hoefler

Federated learning increasingly operates in a large-model regime where communication, memory, and computation are all scarce. Typically, non-IID client data induce drift that degrades the stability and performance of local training.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-29 Shuchen Zhu , Zhengyang Huang , Yuqi Xu , Peijin Li

Decentralized Multi-agent Learning (DML) enables collaborative model training while preserving data privacy. However, inherent heterogeneity in agents' resources (computation, communication, and task size) may lead to substantial variations…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-22 Seyed Mahmoud Sajjadi Mohammadabadi , Lei Yang , Feng Yan , Junshan Zhang

In this paper, we propose SmartFreeze, a framework that effectively reduces the memory footprint by conducting the training in a progressive manner. Instead of updating the full model in each training round, SmartFreeze divides the shared…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-08-20 Wu Yebo , Li Li , Tian Chunlin , Chang Tao , Lin Chi , Wang Cong , Xu Cheng-Zhong

Asynchronous Stochastic Gradient Descent (Asynchronous SGD) is a cornerstone method for parallelizing learning in distributed machine learning. However, its performance suffers under arbitrarily heterogeneous computation times across…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Artavazd Maranjyan , Alexander Tyurin , Peter Richtárik

Federated edge learning (FEEL) has drawn much attention as a privacy-preserving distributed learning framework for mobile edge networks. In this work, we investigate a novel semi-decentralized FEEL (SD-FEEL) architecture where multiple edge…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2021-12-10 Yuchang Sun , Jiawei Shao , Yuyi Mao , Jun Zhang

Communication is a crucial phase in the context of distributed training. Because parameter server (PS) frequently experiences network congestion, recent studies have found that training paradigms without a centralized server outperform the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-12-17 Feijie Wu , Shiqi He , Yutong Yang , Haozhao Wang , Zhihao Qu , Song Guo , Weihua Zhuang

Scheduling deep learning (DL) models to train on powerful clusters with accelerators like GPUs and TPUs, presently falls short, either lacking fine-grained heterogeneity awareness or leaving resources substantially under-utilized. To fill…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Abeda Sultana , Nabin Pakka , Fei Xu , Xu Yuan , Li Chen , Nian-Feng Tzeng

Stochastic gradient descent (SGD) is a well known method for regression and classification tasks. However, it is an inherently sequential algorithm at each step, the processing of the current example depends on the parameters learned from…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-05-24 Saeed Maleki , Madanlal Musuvathi , Todd Mytkowicz

Distributed optimization and learning algorithms are designed to operate over large scale networks enabling processing of vast amounts of data effectively and efficiently. One of the main challenges for ensuring a smooth learning process in…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-21 Apostolos I. Rikos , Nicola Bastianello , Themistoklis Charalambous , Karl H. Johansson

Distributed Deep Learning (DDL) is essential for large-scale Deep Learning (DL) training. Synchronous Stochastic Gradient Descent (SSGD) 1 is the de facto DDL optimization method. Using a sufficiently large batch size is critical to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-03 Wei Zhang , Mingrui Liu , Yu Feng , Xiaodong Cui , Brian Kingsbury , Yuhai Tu

Decentralized learning (DL) is an emerging technique that allows nodes on the web to collaboratively train machine learning models without sharing raw data. Dealing with stragglers, i.e., nodes with slower compute or communication than…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-02-04 Sayan Biswas , Anne-Marie Kermarrec , Alexis Marouani , Rafael Pires , Rishi Sharma , Martijn de Vos

There are situations where data relevant to machine learning problems are distributed across multiple locations that cannot share the data due to regulatory, competitiveness, or privacy reasons. Machine learning approaches that require data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-28 Dimitris Stripelis , Jose Luis Ambite

Mobile devices contribute more than half of the world's web traffic, providing massive and diverse data for powering various federated learning (FL) applications. In order to avoid the communication bottleneck on the parameter server (PS)…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-10-03 Yunming Liao , Yang Xu , Hongli Xu , Zhiwei Yao , Liusheng Huang , Chunming Qiao