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Modern vehicles are equipped with numerous in-vehicle components that interact with the external environment through remote communications and services, such as Bluetooth and vehicle-to-infrastructure communication. These components form a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Ayan Roy , Jeetkumar Patel , Rik Chakraborti , Shudip Datta

Uncertainty is an inherent aspect of autonomous vehicle (AV) decision-making, yet it is rarely communicated to pedestrians, which hinders transparency. This study investigates how AV uncertainty can be conveyed through two approaches:…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-07-28 Yue Luo , Xinyan Yu , Tram Thi Minh Tran , Marius Hoggenmueller

Cooperative perception extends the perception capabilities of autonomous vehicles by enabling multi-agent information sharing via Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) communication. Unlike traditional onboard sensors, V2X acts as a dynamic…

Other Computer Science · Computer Science 2025-05-05 Zhiying Song , Tenghui Xie , Fuxi Wen , Jun Li

Trustworthy environment perception is the fundamental basis for the safe deployment of automated agents such as self-driving vehicles or intelligent robots. The problem remains that such trust is notoriously difficult to guarantee in the…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-10-01 Florian Geissler , Alex Unnervik , Michael Paulitsch

Cooperative perception, or collective perception (CP) is an emerging and promising technology for intelligent transportation systems (ITS). It enables an ITS station (ITS-S) to share its local perception information with others by means of…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-01-15 Mao Shan , Karan Narula , Yung Fei Wong , Stewart Worrall , Malik Khan , Paul Alexander , Eduardo Nebot

Autonomous vehicles may make wrong decisions due to inaccurate detection and recognition. Therefore, an intelligent vehicle can combine its own data with that of other vehicles to enhance perceptive ability, and thus improve detection…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-05-15 Qi Chen , Sihai Tang , Qing Yang , Song Fu

Sensing and Perception (S&P) is a crucial component of an autonomous system (such as a robot), especially when deployed in highly dynamic environments where it is required to react to unexpected situations. This is particularly true in case…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-09-06 Andrea Piazzoni , Jim Cherian , Martin Slavik , Justin Dauwels

The autonomous car technology promises to replace human drivers with safer driving systems. But although autonomous cars can become safer than human drivers this is a long process that is going to be refined over time. Before these vehicles…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-05-09 Thomio Watanabe , Denis Wolf

In this paper, we investigate the application of Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) communication to improve the perception performance of autonomous vehicles. We present a robust cooperative perception framework with V2X communication using a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-08-09 Runsheng Xu , Hao Xiang , Zhengzhong Tu , Xin Xia , Ming-Hsuan Yang , Jiaqi Ma

Many intelligent transportation systems are multi-agent systems, i.e., both the traffic participants and the subsystems within the transportation infrastructure can be modeled as interacting agents. The use of AI-based methods to achieve…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-11-09 Mingxi Cheng , Junyao Zhang , Shahin Nazarian , Jyotirmoy Deshmukh , Paul Bogdan

Autonomous systems operating in unknown environments often rely heavily on visual sensor data, yet making safe and informed control decisions based on these measurements remains a significant challenge. To facilitate the integration of…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-08-05 Jelena Trisovic , Andrea Carron , Melanie N. Zeilinger

Autonomous driving remains a challenging task, particularly due to safety concerns. Modern vehicles are typically equipped with expensive sensors such as LiDAR, cameras, and radars to reduce the risk of accidents. However, these sensors…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-15 Mattia Grasselli , Angelo Porrello , Carlo Augusto Grazia

Accurate 3D object detection is essential for ensuring the safety of autonomous vehicles. Cooperative perception, which leverages vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication to share perceptual data, enhances detection but is vulnerable to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Xi Zhou , Tao Huang , Qing-Long Han , Rana Abbas , Mostafa Rahimi Azghadi

A significant barrier to deploying autonomous vehicles (AVs) on a massive scale is safety assurance. Several technical challenges arise due to the uncertain environment in which AVs operate such as road and weather conditions, errors in…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-10-08 Majid Khonji , Jorge Dias , Lakmal Seneviratne

In this paper, we explore the use of vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication to improve the perception and motion forecasting performance of self-driving vehicles. By intelligently aggregating the information received from multiple nearby…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-08-18 Tsun-Hsuan Wang , Sivabalan Manivasagam , Ming Liang , Bin Yang , Wenyuan Zeng , James Tu , Raquel Urtasun

Reliable perception remains a key challenge for Connected Automated Vehicles (CAVs) in complex real-world environments, where varying lighting conditions and adverse weather degrade sensing performance. While existing multi-sensor solutions…

Autonomous cars have to navigate in dynamic environment which can be full of uncertainties. The uncertainties can come either from sensor limitations such as occlusions and limited sensor range, or from probabilistic prediction of other…

Robotics · Computer Science 2019-05-06 Liting Sun , Wei Zhan , Ching-Yao Chan , Masayoshi Tomizuka

The effectiveness of autonomous vehicles relies on reliable perception capabilities. Despite significant advancements in artificial intelligence and sensor fusion technologies, current single-vehicle perception systems continue to encounter…

We propose a perception imitation method to simulate results of a certain perception model, and discuss a new heuristic route of autonomous driving simulator without data synthesis. The motivation is that original sensor data is not always…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-04-20 Xiaoliang Ju , Yiyang Sun , Yiming Hao , Yikang Li , Yu Qiao , Hongsheng Li

Conventional cameras employed in autonomous vehicle (AV) systems support many perception tasks, but are challenged by low-light or high dynamic range scenes, adverse weather, and fast motion. Novel sensors, such as event and thermal…