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We consider the thermal structure and radii of strongly irradiated gas giant planets over a range in mass and irradiating flux. The cooling rate of the planet is sensitive to the surface boundary condition, which depends on the detailed…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 Phil Arras , Lars Bildsten

We explore volcanic outgassing on purely rocky, stagnant-lid exoplanets of different interior structures, compositions, thermal states, and age. We focus on planets in the mass range of 1-8 ME (Earth masses). We derive scaling laws to…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2018-06-13 Caroline Dorn , Lena Noack , Antoine Rozel

We explore terrestrial planet formation with a focus on the supply of solid-state organics as the main source of volatile carbon. For the water-poor Earth, the water ice line, or ice sublimation front, within the planet-forming disk has…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2023-05-31 E. A. Bergin , E. Kempton , M. Hirschmann , S. T. Bastelberger , D. J. Teal , G. A. Blake , F. Ciesla , J. Li

Volcanic gases supplied a large part of Earth's early atmosphere, but constraints on their flux are scarce. Here we model how C-O-H outgassing could have evolved through the late Hadean and early Archean, under the conditions that global…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-09-01 Claire Marie Guimond , Lena Noack , Gianluigi Ortenzi , Frank Sohl

Atmospheric chemical abundances of giant planets lead to important constraints on planetary formation and migration. Studies have shown that giant planets that migrate through the protoplanetary disk can accrete substantial amounts of…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2017-06-28 Nikku Madhusudhan , Bertram Bitsch , Anders Johansen , Linn Eriksson

We review the formation of large-scale heterogeneity in the solid Earth from the magma ocean phase to the present day, focusing on lower-mantle structure and evolution, as well as continental formation and its impact on interior-exterior…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-12-15 Takashi Nakagawa , Charitra Jain , Diogo L. Lourenco , Maxim D. Baller , Paul J. Tackley

In the hot-start core accretion formation model for gas giants, the interior of a planet is usually assumed to be fully convective. By calculating the detailed internal evolution of a planet assuming hot start outer boundary conditions, we…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2017-09-13 David Berardo , Andrew Cumming

Liquid water is a critical component of habitability. However, the production and stability of surficial liquid water can be challenging on planets outside the Habitable Zone and devoid of adequate greenhouse warming. On such cold, icy…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2022-12-08 Lujendra Ojha , Bryce Troncone , Jacob Buffo , Baptiste Journaux , George McDonald

We ran several series of two-dimensional numerical mantle convection simulations representing in idealized form the thermochemical evolution of a Mars-like planet. In order to study the importance of compositional buoyancy of melting…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2017-08-15 Thomas Ruedas , Doris Breuer

From core to atmosphere, the oxidation states of elements in a planet shape its character. Oxygen fugacity (fO$_2$) is one parameter indicating these likely oxidation states. The ongoing search for atmospheres on rocky exoplanets benefits…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2023-08-21 Claire Marie Guimond , Oliver Shorttle , Sean Jordan , John F. Rudge

Rocky planets are common around other stars, but their atmospheric properties remain largely unconstrained. Thanks to a wealth of recent planet discoveries and upcoming advances in observing capability, we are poised to characterize the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2022-07-26 R. Wordsworth , L. Kreidberg

We present a catalog of uniformly processed 3.6-$\mu$m and 4.5-$\mu$m band exoplanet thermal phase curves based on Infrared Array Camera observations obtained from the Spitzer Heritage Archive. The catalog includes phase curve measurements…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-03-04 Mark R Swain , Kyle A Pearson , Thaddeus D. Komacek , Geoffrey Bryden , Emeline Fromont , Gautam Vasisht , Gael Roudier , Robert T. Zellem

There is a direct relation between the composition of a host star and that of the planets orbiting around it. As such, the recent discovery of stars with unusual chemical composition, notably enriched in carbon instead of oxygen, support…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2018-08-27 F. Miozzi , G. Morard , D. Antonangeli , A. N. Clark , M. Mezouar , C. Dorn , A. Rozel , G. Fiquet

With the number of confirmed rocky exoplanets increasing steadily, their characterisation and the search for exoplanetary biospheres is becoming an increasingly urgent issue in astrobiology. We aim to investigate the possibility of…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2018-08-15 Gianni Cataldi , Alexis Brandeker , Philippe Thébault , Kelsi Singer , Engy Ahmed , Bernard L. de Vries , Anna Neubeck , Göran Olofsson

Context. The dynamics of a low-mass protoplanet accreting solids is influenced by the heating torque, which was found to suppress inward migration in protoplanetary disks with constant opacities. Aims. We investigate the differences of the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2019-06-26 Ondřej Chrenko , Michiel Lambrechts

Tidal dissipation in planetary interiors is one of the key physical mechanisms that drive the evolution of star-planet and planet-moon systems. Tidal dissipation in planets is intrinsically related to their internal structure. In…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-10-21 M. Guenel , S. Mathis , F. Remus

Recent advances in space and ground-based facilities now enable atmospheric characterization of a selected sample of rocky exoplanets. These atmospheres offer key insights into planetary formation and evolution, but their interpretation…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-07-29 Leonardos Gkouvelis , Francisco J. Pozuelos , Thomas Drant , Mohammad Farhat , Meng Tian , Can Akın

Giant exoplanets located >1 AU away from their parent stars have atmospheric environments cold enough for water and/or ammonia clouds. We have developed a new equilibrium cloud and reflected light spectrum model, ExoREL, for widely…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-01-08 Renyu Hu

Water ice is expected to be the dominant volatile component of bodies formed in the outer Solar System. However, recent observations of comets and trans-Neptunian objects suggest that the relative abundances of ices can vary substantially,…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2026-04-29 Joanna Drazkowska

Planetary obliquity (axial tilt) plays an important role in regulating the climate evolution and habitability of water-covered planets. Despite the suspicion of large obliquities in several exoplanetary systems, this phenomenon remains hard…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-10-15 Y Wu , S. Portegies Zwart , H Dijkstra
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