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The goal of local certification is to locally convince the vertices of a graph $G$ that $G$ satisfies a given property. A prover assigns short certificates to the vertices of the graph, then the vertices are allowed to check their…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2026-02-25 Oscar Defrain , Louis Esperet , Aurélie Lagoutte , Pat Morin , Jean-Florent Raymond

Over the past decade, a long line of research has investigated the distributed complexity landscape of locally checkable labeling (LCL) problems on bounded-degree graphs, culminating in an almost-complete classification on general graphs…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-02-16 Alkida Balliu , Sebastian Brandt , Fabian Kuhn , Dennis Olivetti , Gustav Schmid

Due to its broad applications in practice, the minimum spanning tree problem and its all kinds of variations have been studied extensively during the last decades, for which a host of efficient exact and heuristic algorithms have been…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-05-05 Yang Xu , Lianmin Zhang

An ancestry labeling scheme assigns labels (bit strings) to the nodes of rooted trees such that ancestry queries between any two nodes in a tree can be answered merely by looking at their corresponding labels. The quality of an ancestry…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2009-09-16 Pierre Fraigniaud , Amos Korman

We propose a simple and time-optimal algorithm for property testing a graph for its conductance in the CONGEST model. Our algorithm takes only $O(\log n)$ rounds of communication (which is known to be optimal), and consists of simply…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-03-12 Tugkan Batu , Amitabh Trehan , Chhaya Trehan

We describe a synchronous distributed algorithm which identifies the edge-biconnected components of a connected network. It requires a leader, and uses messages of size O(log |V|). The main idea is to preorder a BFS spanning tree, and then…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2007-05-23 David Pritchard

Quantum networks form the backbone of long-distance quantum information processing. Genuine multipartite entanglement (GME) serves as a key indicator of network performance and overall state quality. However, the widely used methods for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-13 Jing-Tao Qiu , D. M. Tong , Xiao-Dong Yu

A distributed adaptive algorithm to estimate a time-varying signal, measured by a wireless sensor network, is designed and analyzed. One of the major features of the algorithm is that no central coordination among the nodes needs to be…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2008-10-22 Carlo Fischione , Alberto Speranzon , Karl H. Johansson , Alberto Sangiovanni-Vincentelli

A labeling scheme for nearest common ancestors assigns a distinct binary string, called the label, to every node of a tree, so that given the labels of two nodes (and no further information about the topology of the tree) we can compute the…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2017-07-20 Paweł Gawrychowski , Jakub Łopuszański

In complex networks, especially social networks, networks could be divided into disjoint partitions that the ratio between the number of internal edges (the edges between the vertices within same partition) to the number of outer edges…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2019-02-07 Hamid Shahrivari Joghan , Alireza Bagheri , Meysam Azad

Constructing a spanning tree of a graph is one of the most basic tasks in graph theory. Motivated by several recent studies of local graph algorithms, we consider the following variant of this problem. Let G be a connected bounded-degree…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-02-04 Reut Levi , Guy Moshkovitz , Dana Ron , Ronitt Rubinfeld , Asaf Shapira

Given an n-vertex graph G=(V,E) and a set R \subseteq {{x,y} | x,y \in V} of requests, we consider to assign a set of edges to each vertex in G so that for every request {u, v} in R the union of the edge sets assigned to u and v contains a…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2011-06-30 Taisuke Izumi , Tomoko Izumi , Hirotaka Ono , Koichi Wada

While on some natural distributions, neural-networks are trained efficiently using gradient-based algorithms, it is known that learning them is computationally hard in the worst-case. To separate hard from easy to learn distributions, we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-01-22 Eran Malach , Shai Shalev-Shwartz

We consider partitions of a point set into two parts, and the lengths of the minimum spanning trees of the original set and of the two parts. If $w(P)$ denotes the length of a minimum spanning tree of $P$, we show that every set $P$ of $n…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2024-01-02 Adrian Dumitrescu , János Pach , Géza Tóth

Despite the exploding interest in graph neural networks there has been little effort to verify and improve their robustness. This is even more alarming given recent findings showing that they are extremely vulnerable to adversarial attacks…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-12-20 Aleksandar Bojchevski , Stephan Günnemann

The fastest deterministic algorithms for connected components take logarithmic time and perform superlinear work on a Parallel Random Access Machine (PRAM). These algorithms maintain a spanning forest by merging and compressing trees, which…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-12-09 Paul Burkhardt

Tree-decompositions and treewidth are of fundamental importance in structural and algorithmic graph theory. The "spread" of a tree-decomposition is the minimum integer $s$ such that every vertex lies in at most $s$ bags. A…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-04-08 Marc Distel , Neel Kaul , Raj Kaul , David R. Wood

The locality of a graph problem is the smallest distance $T$ such that each node can choose its own part of the solution based on its radius-$T$ neighborhood. In many settings, a graph problem can be solved efficiently with a distributed or…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2021-12-14 Yi-Jun Chang , Jan Studený , Jukka Suomela

Label propagation is a heuristic method initially proposed for community detection in networks, while the method can be adopted also for other types of network clustering and partitioning. Among all the approaches and techniques described…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2020-01-08 Lovro Šubelj

Minimum Label Cut (or Hedge Connectivity) problem is defined as follows: given an undirected graph $G=(V, E)$ with $n$ vertices and $m$ edges, in which, each edge is labeled (with one or multiple labels) from a label set $L=\{\ell_1,\ell_2,…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2019-08-21 Rupei Xu , András Faragó