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Wheeled-legged robots, which have wheels at their feet and achieve high mobility by coordinating wheel drive and leg drive, have been developed. These robots have been developed purely as platforms specialized for locomotion. Therefore,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Shintaro Inoue , Kento Kawaharazuka , Temma Suzuki , Sota Yuzaki , Kei Okada

Animals, such as birds, widely use multi-modal locomotion by combining legged and aerial mobility with dominant inertial effects. The robotic biomimicry of this multi-modal locomotion feat can yield ultra-flexible systems in terms of their…

Planning whole-body motions while taking into account the terrain conditions is a challenging problem for legged robots since the terrain model might produce many local minima. Our coupled planning method uses stochastic and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-06-30 Carlos Mastalli , Ioannis Havoutis , Michele Focchi , Darwin G. Caldwell , Claudio Semini

Climbing, crouching, bridging gaps, and walking up stairs are just a few of the advantages that quadruped robots have over wheeled robots, making them more suitable for navigating rough and unstructured terrain. However, executing such…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Guillaume Gagné-Labelle , Vassil Atanassov , Ioannis Havoutis

Multi-robot teams have attracted attention from industry and academia for their ability to perform collaborative tasks in unstructured environments, such as wilderness rescue and collaborative transportation.In this paper, we propose a…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-11-14 Liuao Pei , Junxiao Lin , Zhichao Han , Lun Quan , Yanjun Cao , Chao Xu , Fei Gao

Rigid-bodied robots often lack compliance needed to adapt to unstructured environments, while fully soft robots, though highly adaptable, struggle with scalability and load capacity. In nature, musculoskeletal systems balance strength and…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Hiroki Kobayashi , Yuki Takaha , Changyoung Yuhn , Yuki Sato , Sunao Tomita , Atsushi Kawamoto , Tsuyoshi Nomura

In this work we present Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) training of directional locomotion for low-cost quadrupedal robots in the real world. In particular, we exploit randomization of heading that the robot must follow to foster…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-03-17 Peter Böhm , Archie C. Chapman , Pauline Pounds

Legged locomotion holds the premise of universal mobility, a critical capability for many real-world robotic applications. Both model-based and learning-based approaches have advanced the field of legged locomotion in the past three…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-11-26 Sehoon Ha , Joonho Lee , Michiel van de Panne , Zhaoming Xie , Wenhao Yu , Majid Khadiv

Deployment in hazardous environments requires robots to understand the risks associated with their actions and movements to prevent accidents. Despite its importance, these risks are not explicitly modeled by currently deployed locomotion…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-05-06 Lukas Schneider , Jonas Frey , Takahiro Miki , Marco Hutter

There have been several successful implementations of bio-inspired legged robots that can trot, walk, and hop robustly even in the presence of significant unplanned disturbances. Despite all of these accomplishments, practical control and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-05-16 Eric Sihite , Benjamin Mottis , Paul Ghanem , Alireza Ramezani , Morteza Gharib

Although bipedal locomotion provides the ability to traverse unstructured environments, it requires careful planning and control to safely walk across without falling. This poses an integrated challenge for the robot to perceive, plan, and…

Hiking on complex trails demands balance, agility, and adaptive decision-making over unpredictable terrain. Current humanoid research remains fragmented and inadequate for hiking: locomotion focuses on motor skills without long-term goals…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-05-12 Kwan-Yee Lin , Stella X. Yu

This paper presents a novel methodology to model and optimize trajectories of a quadrupedal robot with spinal compliance to improve standing jump performance compared to quadrupeds with a rigid spine. We introduce an elastic model for a…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-09-02 Keran Ye , Konstantinos Karydis

Faced with complex and unstructured construction environments, wheeled and tracked robots exhibit significant limitations in terrain adaptability and flexibility, making it difficult to meet the requirements of autonomous operation.…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-07-23 Xiao Liu , Xianlong Yang , Weijun Wang , Wei Feng

Robust locomotion control depends on accurate state estimations. However, the sensors of most legged robots can only provide partial and noisy observations, making the estimation particularly challenging, especially for external states like…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-01-03 Junfeng Long , Zirui Wang , Quanyi Li , Jiawei Gao , Liu Cao , Jiangmiao Pang

Recent advances of locomotion controllers utilizing deep reinforcement learning (RL) have yielded impressive results in terms of achieving rapid and robust locomotion across challenging terrain, such as rugged rocks, non-rigid ground, and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-03-07 Zifan Xu , Amir Hossain Raj , Xuesu Xiao , Peter Stone

Nowadays, design and development of legged quadruped robots is a quite active area of scientific research. In fact, the legged robots have become popular due to their capabilities to adapt to harsh terrains and diverse environmental…

The process of robot design is a complex task and the majority of design decisions are still based on human intuition or tedious manual tuning. A more informed way of facing this task is computational design methods where design parameters…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-10-07 Álvaro Belmonte-Baeza , Joonho Lee , Giorgio Valsecchi , Marco Hutter

We present a unified model-based and data-driven approach for quadrupedal planning and control to achieve dynamic locomotion over uneven terrain. We utilize on-board proprioceptive and exteroceptive feedback to map sensory information and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-05-13 Siddhant Gangapurwala , Mathieu Geisert , Romeo Orsolino , Maurice Fallon , Ioannis Havoutis

Robotics would gain by replicating the remarkable agility of arthropods in navigating complex environments. Here we consider the control of multi-legged systems which have 6 or more legs. Current multi-legged control strategies in robots…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-11 Zhuoyang Chen , Xinyuan Wang , Shai Revzen