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A safe and secure Domain Name System (DNS) is of paramount importance for the digital economy and society. Malicious activities on the DNS, generally referred to as "DNS abuse" are frequent and severe problems affecting online security and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-12-20 Jan Bayer , Yevheniya Nosyk , Olivier Hureau , Simon Fernandez , Ivett Paulovics , Andrzej Duda , Maciej Korczyński

Detecting Denial of Service (DoS) and Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks remains a critical challenge in cybersecurity. This research introduces a hybrid deep learning model combining Gated Recurrent Units (GRUs) and a Neural…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-11 Caroline Panggabean , Chandrasekar Venkatachalam , Priyanka Shah , Sincy John , Renuka Devi P , Shanmugavalli Venkatachalam

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) are widely deployed in industry, making their intellectual property valuable. However, protecting GNNs from unauthorized use remains a challenge. Watermarking offers a solution by embedding ownership information…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Jane Downer , Yingdan Shi , Ziyan Liu , Ren Wang , Binghui Wang

Over the past twenty years, the number of devices connected to the Internet grew exponentially. Botnets benefited from this rise to increase their size and the magnitude of their attacks. However, they still have a weak point in their…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-06-12 Federico Franzoni , Ivan Abellan , Vanesa Daza

With the goal of improving the security of Internet protocols, we seek faster, semi-automatic methods to discover new vulnerabilities in protocols such as DNS, BGP, and others. To this end, we introduce the LLM-Assisted Protocol Attack…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-23 R. Can Aygun , Yehuda Afek , Anat Bremler-Barr , Leonard Kleinrock

In light of rising cybersecurity threats, data center providers face growing pressure to protect their own management infrastructure from Distributed Denial-of-Service (DDoS) attacks. While tenant-managed cages generally fall outside the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Kartikeya Sharma , Craig Jacobik

DNS is a distributed, fault tolerant system that avoids a single point of failure. As such it is an integral part of the internet as we use it today and hence deemed a safe protocol which is let through firewalls and proxies with no or…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-06-28 Andreas Berg , Daniel Forsberg

The DNS filtering apparatus of China's Great Firewall (GFW) has evolved considerably over the past two decades. However, most prior studies of China's DNS filtering were performed over short time periods, leading to unnoticed changes in the…

Malicious domain detection (MDD) is an open security challenge that aims to detect if an Internet domain is associated with cyber-attacks. Among many approaches to this problem, graph neural networks (GNNs) are deemed highly effective.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-08-24 Mahmoud Nazzal , Issa Khalil , Abdallah Khreishah , NhatHai Phan , Yao Ma

The concept of agile domain name system (DNS) refers to dynamic and rapidly changing mappings between domain names and their Internet protocol (IP) addresses. This empirical paper evaluates the bias from this kind of agility for DNS-based…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-05-17 Jukka Ruohonen , Ville Leppänen

Adversarial Internet robots (botnets) represent a growing threat to the safe use and stability of the Internet. Botnets can play a role in launching adversary reconnaissance (scanning and phishing), influence operations (upvoting), and…

Domain Generation Algorithms (DGAs) evolve continuously to evade botnet detection, posing a persistent challenge for dependable network defense. While deep learning-based detectors achieve strong performance under static conditions, they…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Chaeyoung Lee , Chaeri Jung , Seonghoon Jeong

Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks remain a persistent threat to the availability of Internet services, edge networks, and cyber-physical infrastructure. Although recent AI-security work has increasingly focused on foundation…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Vedanth Ramanathan , Krish Mahadevan , Sejal Dua

The Domain Name System (DNS) service is one of the pillars of the Internet. This service allows users to access websites on the Internet through easy-to-remember domain names rather than complex numeric IP addresses. DNS acts as a directory…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-04-24 Demétrio F. Boeira , Eder J. Scheid , Muriel F. Franco , Luciano Zembruzki , Lisandro Z. Granville

Deep neural networks (DNNs) have made tremendous progress in the past ten years and have been applied in various critical applications. However, recent studies have shown that deep neural networks are vulnerable to backdoor attacks. By…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-05-19 Xinrui Liu , Yajie Wang , Yu-an Tan , Kefan Qiu , Yuanzhang Li

Anti-malware agents typically communicate with their remote services to share information about suspicious files. These remote services use their up-to-date information and global context (view) to help classify the files and instruct their…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-09-24 Asaf Nadler , Ron Bitton , Oleg Brodt , Asaf Shabtai

Due to the numerous advantages of machine learning (ML) algorithms, many applications now incorporate them. However, many studies in the field of image classification have shown that MLs can be fooled by a variety of adversarial attacks.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-03-14 Islam Debicha , Benjamin Cochez , Tayeb Kenaza , Thibault Debatty , Jean-Michel Dricot , Wim Mees

The prosperity of deep neural networks (DNNs) is largely benefited from open-source datasets, based on which users can evaluate and improve their methods. In this paper, we revisit backdoor-based dataset ownership verification (DOV), which…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-07 Junfeng Guo , Yiming Li , Lixu Wang , Shu-Tao Xia , Heng Huang , Cong Liu , Bo Li

Botnets and malware continue to avoid detection by static rules engines when using domain generation algorithms (DGAs) for callouts to unique, dynamically generated web addresses. Common DGA detection techniques fail to reliably detect DGA…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-03-31 Kate Highnam , Domenic Puzio , Song Luo , Nicholas R. Jennings

The Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) remains a fragile pillar of Internet routing. BGP hijacks still occurr daily. While full deployment of Route Origin Validation (ROV) is ongoing, attackers have already adapted, launching post-ROV attacks…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Alessandro Giaconia , Muoi Tran , Laurent Vanbever , Stefano Vissicchio